Acquired Immunity
Immunity that the body develops after it overcomes a disease, or through inoculation (such as vaccination)
Acute Disease
Disease having a rapid onset, severe symptoms, and a short course duration
AIDs
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a disease caused by the HIV virus that breaks down the body's immune system
Allergy
Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain food, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances
Antiseptics
Chemical agents that may kill, retard, or prevent the growth of bacteria; nos classified as disinfectants
Asymptomatic
Showing no symptoms or signs of infection
Bacili (Singular: Bacillus)
Short, rod-shaped bacteria; the most common bacteria; produce diseases such as tetanus(lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria
Bacteria
One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics; some harmless; also known as microbes or germs
Bactericidal
Capable of destroying bacteria
Bacteriology
The science that deals with the study of microorganisms called bacteria
Bloodborne Pathogens
Disease-causind bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in the blood or body fluids
Chronic Disease
Disease of long duration, usually mild but recurring
Cilia
Slender, hair-like extensions that permit locomotion in certain bacteria; whip-like motion moves them in liquid
Cocci
Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly(alone) or in groups
Congenital Disease
Disease that exists at birth
Contagious Disease
Disease that is communicable or transmittable by contact
Contaminants
Substances that can cause contamination
Contraindication
Any condition or disease that makes and indicated treatment or medication inadvisable
Decontamination
Removal of pathogens and other substances from tools and surfaces
Diagnosis
Determination of the nature of a disease from its signs and symptoms
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs nd cause diseases such as pneumonia
Disease
Abnormal condition of all or a part of the nbdy, organ, or mind that makes it incapable of carrying on normal function
Disinfectants
Chemical agents used to destroy most bacteria and some viruses and to disinfect implements and surfaces
Disinfection
Second highest level of decontamination, nearly as effective as sterilization but does not kill bacterial spore; used on hard, nonporous surface
Efficacy
Effectiveness
Epidemic
Appearance of a disease that simultaneously attacks a large number of persons living in a particular locality
Etiology
Study of the causes of disease and their modes of operation
Flagella (Singular: Flagellum)
Slender, hair-like extensions that permit locomotion in certain bacteria; whip-like motion moves them in liquid
Fungi (Singular: Fungus)
Vegetable (plant) parasites, including molds, mildews, and yeasts
Fungicidal
Capable of destroying fungi
General Infection
Infection that results when the bloodstream carries bacteria or viruses and their toxin (poisons) to all parts of the body
Hepatitis
Disease marked by inflamation of the liver and caused by bloodborne a virus
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus; virus that causes AIDS
Immunity
Ability of the body to destroy any bacteria that have gained entrance to the body and resist infection in general
Infection
The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing bacteria; having evidence of pus
Infectious
Communicable by infection from one person to another person from ont infected body part to another
Infectious disease
Disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms or viruses that are easily spread
Inflammation
Condition of some part of the body as a protective response to injury, irritation, or infection, characterized by redness, heat pain, and swelling
Local Infection
Infection that is confined to a particular part of the body and is indicated by a lesion containing pus
Microbiology
The science that deals with microorganisms and their effects on other forms of life
Microorganism
Microscopic plant or animal cell
Mildew
Moldy coating produced by fungi that can appear on walls, fabrics, and the like, and usually occurs in damp areas
Mitosis
Cells dividing into new cells (daughter cells)
Mold
Fungus growth that usually grows in dark, damp places
Motility
Self-movement
MSDS
Materisl Safety Data Sheet; information complied by a manufacturer about its product, ranging from ingredient content and associated hazards to combustion levels and storage requirements
Natural Immunity
Natural resistance to disease, partly inherited and partly developed through hygienic living
Nonpathogenic
Not harmful; nor disease-producing; organisms that perform useful functions
Objective Symptoms
Symptoms that are visible, such as, pimples, pustules, or inflammation
Occupational Disease
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as coming in contact with certain chemicals or tints
-ology
Suffix meaning "scientific study of' (Ex: Microbiology)
Parasite
Organism that lives in or on another organism and draws its nourishment from that organism
Parasitic Disease
Disease caused by vegetable or animal parasites, such as pediculosis and ringworm
Pathogenic
causing disease; harmful
Pathogenic Disease
Disease produced by disease-causing bacteria, such as staphylococcus and streptococcus (pus-forming bacteria), or viruses
Pathology
Science that investigated modifications of the function and changes in structure caused by disease
Pediculosis Capitis
Skin disease caused by infestation of head lice
Phenol
Carbolic acid; caustic poison; in 5 percent dilute solution is used to sanitize metallic implements
Porous
Having pores or openings that permit liquids or gases to pass through
Prognosis
Foretelling the probable course of a disease
Pseudomonacidal
Capable of destroying Psedomonas bacteria
Pus
fluid product of inflammation that contains white blood cells and the debris of dead cells tissue elements, and bacteria
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (quats)
Disinfectant that is considered nontoxic, odorless, and fast-acting
Sanition/Sanitizing
Third level of decontamination; significantly reducing the number of pathogens or disease-producing organisms found on a surface
Saprophytes
Nonpathogenic bacteria that normally grow on dead matter
Scabies
Contagious skin disease that normally grow on dead matter
Seasonal Disease
Disease influenced by weather
Sodium Hypochlorite
Common household bleach; disinfectant used to sanitize implements
Spirilla
Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria, such as Treponema pallida, which causes syphilis, and Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease
Staphylococci
Pus-forming bacteria that grown in clusters like a bunch of grapes; causes abscesses, pustules, and boils
Sterilization
Highest level of decontamination; completely destroys every organism on a nonporous surface, whether beneficial or harmful
Streptococci
Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads; cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning
Subjective symptoms
Symptoms that can be felt, such as itching, burning, or pain
Systemic Disease
Disease that affects the body generally, often due to under- or overfunctioning of the internal glands
Toxins
Any various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms
Tuberculocidal
Capable of destroying the bacteria that cause tuberculosis
Universal Precautions
Set of guidlines and controls, published by the Centers for Disease control and Prevention (CDC), that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and specified human body fluids are infectious for HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne p
Venereal Disease
Contagious disease commonly acquired by contact with an infected person during sexual intercourse, characterized by sores and rashes on the skin
Virology
The study of viruses and viral diseases
Virucidal
Capable of destroying viruses
Virus
A submicroscopic structure capable of infesting almost all plants and animals, including bacteria; infectious agent that lives by penetrating cells and becoming part of them