Chapter 9: Nail Structures and Growth

bed epithelium

thin layer of tissue between the nail plate and the nail bed

eponychium

Living skin at the base of the nail plate covering the matrix area

free edge

part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe

hyponychium

The slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip the free edge of the nail plate

ligament

tough fibrous tissue connecting bones or organs in place

lunula

The visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin; whitish half moon shape at the base of the nail

matrix

area where the nail plate cells are formed composed of matrix cells the produce the nail plate

nail bed

portion of the skin that the supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge

nail cuticle

dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate

nail folds

folds of normal skin that surrounds the nail plate

nail grooves

the slits or furrows on the sides of the sidewall

nail plate

hardened keratin plate that sits on and covers the natural nail bed. it is the most visible and functional part of the natural nail unit

natural nail

Also known as onyx; the hard protective plate is composed mainly of keratin, the same fibrous protein found in skin and hair. the keratin in natural nails is harder than the keratin in skin or hair

natural nail unit

composed of several major parts of the fingernail including the nail plate, nail bed, matrix, cuticle, eponychium, hyponychium, specialized ligaments, and nail fold

sidewall

Also known as lateral nail fold; the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail