Anode and cathode
What are the two main parts of the x-ray tube?
Anode
The _____________ is an electrode toward which negatively charged ions migrate. It is the positive end of the x-ray tube.
Cathode
The ___________ is a filament that gives off the electrons when heated (the source of electrons). It is the negative end of the x-ray tube.
Heat
The energy conversion that takes place in the x-ray tube primarily produces ____________.
Kilovoltage peak (kVp)
The chief controlling factor of radiographic CONTRAST is:
125 mAs
What milliampere seconds (mAs) value would result using the 500 mA setting at .25 seconds?
milliampere seconds (mAs)
The cheif controlling factor of radiographic DENSITY is:
Density
The degree of darkening of exposed and processed photographic or radiographic film is known as:
Contrast
The difference between adjacent densities on a radiograph is known as:
mAs
The technical factor which controls the quantitiy of x-ray photons produced in the x-ray tube is:
kVp
The technical factor which controls the quality of x-ray photons produced in the x-ray tube is known as the:
Inverse square law
The mathematical formula that describes the relationship between radiation intensity and distance from the source of the radiation is called the:
Long scale
High kVp results in what scale of contrast?
Short scale
Low kVp results in what scale of contrast?
Grid
A decice consisting of thin lead strips designed to permit primary radiation to pass while reducing scatter radiation is called a:
To reduce fog
Radiographic grids are used in radiography:
Short scale contrast
A radiogragh with few shades of gray with major difference between the shades is referred to as:
motion
The most common cause of radiographic unsharpness is:
Radiographic detail
The representation of an object's true borders is called:
High
Short-scale contrast is _____ contrast:
Primary radiation
The x-ray beam after it leaves the x-ray tube and before it reaches the patient is called:
remnant radiation
The radiation resulting after the x-ray beam exits the patient is called:
attenuation
The process by which a beam of radiation is reduced in energy when passing through tissue or other materials is called:
Radiolucent
Materials permitting the passage of x-rays or other forms of energy with little attenuation are:
Radiopaque
Materials are not easily penetrable by x-rays or other forms of radiant energy are:
Latent
The invisible image created after exposure but before processing is what type of image?
the tube and the image receptor
The source to image receptor distance (SID) is the distance between:
Distortion
The misrepresentation of the true size or shape of an object is called:
Compton
An occupational worker's exposure to radiaiton comes from which kind of scatter?
Photoelectric
Which interaction constitues the greatest hazard to patients in diagnostic radiography?
Be kept as low as resonably achievable
The ALARA concept holds that occupational exposure of the radiographer should:
Radiation absorbed dose
What does the letters RAD stand for?
kVp
The 15% rule helps explain the effect of ______ on exposure
Water
Which of the following is not a radiographic contrast medium?
Barium compounds, air, iodine compounds, water
All of the above
Which of the following factors will affect patient dose?
Filtration, distance, time, all of the above
During the embryonic stage
Sensitivity to radiation in humans is greatest:
Image receptor
The device that intercepts the exit radiation from a patient and creates the radiographic image is the:
Natural background radiation
The radiation a person receives from the sun (cosmic radiation) is categorized as:
Anode
The x-ray tube component that stops the stream of electrons and produces the x-ray beam is called the:
Radiolucent
Bowel gas in the abdomen would be an example of a _______ material, with regard to the x-ray beam.
1/10
The general population is allowed what fraction of the dose allowed for occupationally exposed people?
somatic effects
The late effects of radiation exposure that develop in the individual exposed are termed:
Time, shielding, distance
The 3 cardial principles of protection in regards to reducing patient and technologist exposure are:
Photoelectric
The photon interaction that results in the highest patient exposure is ______ interactions.
Pocket Dosimeter
Which personnel radiaiton monitors will provide a near- immediate reading of radiation exposure, if necessary?
heat
Of all of the energy traveling through the x-ray tube during a radiographic exposure, the largest percentage of this electrical energy is converted to:
wide
Long-scale contast allows for ________ exposure latitude.
Indirect hit
When ionizing radiaiton interacts with the suspending medium of the cell, it is termed a:
ALARA
The basis for the NCRP's policies and regulation for personnel and patients is:
Genetic Effects
The primary concern in radiaiton to the gonads is to prevent:
All of the above
Contrast is influenced by which of the following?
atomic number of the tissue, shape of the anatomic part, energy of the x-ray beam, all of the above
160mAs
A radiograph is made using 40mAs @ 36inch SID. If the image must be repeated at a 72 inch SID, what mAs value is necessary to maintain the same exposure?
35 rem
The max accumulated whole-body dose for a 35 yr old occupational worker is:
False
A lead apron completely stops the primary beam.