Milady's Chapter 5 - Infection Control

AIDS

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, a disease caused by the HIV virus that breaks down the body's immune system

Allergy

Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances

Antiseptics

Agents formulated for use on the skin

Bacilli

Short, rod-shaped bacteria; the most common bacteria; they produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria

Bacteria

One-celled microorganisms; some are harmful, some are harmless

Bactericidal

Capable of destroying bacteria

Bloodborne Pathogens

Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids

Cilia

Slender, hair-like extensions that permit locomotion in certain bacteria; their whip-like motion moves bacteria in liquid

Cocci

Round shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups

Contagious Disease

Disease that can be easily spread to others by contact

Diagnosis

Determining the nature of a disease or infection

Diplococci

Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia

Disease

Abnormal condition of all or part of the body, organ, or mind that makes it incapable of carrying out normal functions

Disinfectable

An item that can be disinfected

Disinfectants

Chemical agents that destroy most bacteria, fungi and viruses, but not spores, on surfaces

Disinfection

Process that eliminates most microorganisms, but is not effective against bacterial spores

Efficacy

Effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills germs, when used according to the label

Exposure Incident

Contact with non-intact skin, blood, body fluid or other potentially infectious materials that results from performance of an employees duties

Flagella

Slender, hair-like extensions that permit locomotion in certain bacteria; their whip-like motion moves bacteria in liquid

Fungi

Microscopic plant parasites, including molds, mildews, and yeasts

Fungicidal

Capable of destroying fungi

Hepatitis

Bloodborne virus that causes disease affecting the liver

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus; virus that can cause AIDS

Immunity

Ability of the body to destroy and resist infection

Infection

Invasion of body tissue by pathogenic bacteria

Infectious

Infection that can be spread from one person to another person or from one infected body part to another

Inflammation

Body's response to injury or infection with redness, heat, pain, and swelling

Microorganism

Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size

Mildews

Type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the salon setting

Motility

Self-movement

Material Data Safety Sheet

Safety information about product compiled by manufacturer

Multi-Use

Items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is exposed to blood or body fluid

Nonpathogenic

Not harmful; organisms that may perform useful functions

Occupational Disease

Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment

Parasites

Plant or animal organisms that derive nutrition from another organism

Pathogenic

Causing disease; may cause harmful conditions or illnesses in humans

Pediculosis Capitis

Skin disease caused by infestation of head lice

Phenolics

Powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants

Porous

Absorbent, having pores or openings

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

Type of disinfectant solution safe for all uses in the salon; commonly called quats

Sanitation

Cleaning to remove all visible residue and matter

Scabies

Contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin

Single Use or Disposable

Disposable items that cannot be used more than once, either becaue they cannot be cleaned of all visible residue, or because cleaning and disinfecting damages them

Sodium Hypochlorite

Common household bleach; disinfectant for salon use

Spirilla

Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that can cause disease such a syphilis and Lyme disease

Staphylococci

Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes, can cause abscesses, pustules and boils

Sterilization

Process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores

Streptococci

Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads; they can cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning

Tuberculocidal

Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis

Universal Precautions

Set of guidelines published by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration that requires the employer and employee to assume that all human blood and body fluid contain pathogens and are thus infectious

Virucidal

Capable of destroying viruses

Virus

Mircroorganism than can invade plants and animals, including bacteria