GINO PHYSICS REVIEW 2

Speed is...

a measure of how fast something is moving
always measured in terms of a unit of distance divided by a unit of time
the distance covered per unit of time

One possible unit of speed is

miles per hour
light years per century
kilometer per hour

When you look at the speedometer in a moving car, you can see the car's...

instantaneous speed

Acceleration is defined as the CHANGE in

velocity divided by the time interval

Suppose you are in a car that is going around a curve. The speedometer reads a constant 30 miles per hour. Which of the following is NOT true?

your velocity is constant

A train travels 6 meters in the first second of travel, 6 meters again during the second second of travel, and 6 meters again during the third second. Its acceleration is

0m/s2

In the absence of air resistance, object fall at constant...

acceleration

A ball is thrown upwards and caught when it comes back down. In the absence of air resistance, the speed of the ball when caught would be...

the same as the speed it had when thrown upwards

Suppose an object is in free fall. Each second the object falls...

the same distance as in the second before

Consider drops of water leaking from a water faucet. As the drops fall, they...

remain at a relatively fixed distance from each other

Suppose you take a trip that covers 180 km and takes 3 hours to make. Your average speed is

60 km/h

Suppose a car is moving in a straight line and steadily increases its speed. It moves from 35 km/h to 40 km/h the first second and from 40 km/h to 45 km/h the next second. What is the car's acceleration?

5 km/h.s

A ball is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, its instantaneous speed is

0m/s

A ball is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, its acceleration is

10m/s2

When something falls to the ground, it accelerates. This acceleration is called the acceleration due to gravity and is symbolized by the letter g. what is the value of g on Earth's surface?

About 10 m/s^2

A car accelerates at 2m/s^2. assuming the car starts from rest, how much time does it need to accelerate to a speed of 20 m/s?

10 seconds

If a freely falling object were somehow equipped with a speedometer, its speed reading would increase each second by

About 10 m/s

If a ball were equipped with a speedometer and allowed to freely fall on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 23 m/s^2, the reading on the speedometer would increase each second by

A rate that depends on its initial speed

if a projectile is fired straight up at a speed of 10 m/s , the total time to return to its starting point is about

2 seconds

a pencil lays on your desk. If the earth is moving around the sun at a speed of 30 km/s, how fast is the pencil moving relative to the desk? How fast is the pencil moving relative to the sun?

0 km/s; 30 km/s

Friction is a force that always acts..

Opposite to an objects motion

The law of inertia states that an object

will continue moving at the same velocity unless an outside force acts on it
will continue moving in a straight line unless an outside force acts on it
that is not moving will never move unless a force acts on it
at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force

After a cannonball is fired into frictionless space, the amount of force needed to keep it going equals

zero, since no force is necessary to keep it moving

If the force of gravity suddenly stopped acting on the planets, they would

move in a straight line tangent to their orbits

Friction

comes from microscopic bumps that act as obstructions to the object's motion
is the name given to the force acting between surfaces sliding past one another
acts in a direction that opposes the motion of an object

One object has twice as much mass as another object. The first object also has twice as much

inertia

Compared to its mass on Earth, the mass of a 10-kg object on the moon is

the same

You would have the largest mass of gold if your chunk of gold weighed 1 N on

the moon

A bag of sports equipment has a mass of 10.0 kg and a weight of

9.8 N

Which of the following is NOT true about Aristotle's concept of violent motion?

Violent motion is thought to be either straight up or straight down

You and a friend are jumping on a trampoline. Why does Earth, which is rapidly orbiting around the sun, not move under your feet when you jump?

Newton's first law holds that your body moves along with Earth because it is not compelled to change its motion by an unbalanced force

the rate at which distance is covered is called speed

True

average speed is defined as the time it takes for a trip divided by the distance

False

velocity is different from speed in that velocity is speed in a given direction

True

Unit of velocity is the meter

False

the rate at which velocity changes with time is called acceleration

True

a unit of acceleration is meters per second

False

when a car rounds a corner at a constant speed, its acceleration is zero

False

even though a car is slowing down, it is still accelerating, in the most general definition of acceleration

True

a ball is thrown into the air. at the highest point, the ball has zero velocity and zero acceleration

False

as a ball falls freely, the distance it falls each second it the same

False

when we discuss the motion of something, its motion is described relative to something else

True

unless stated otherwise, when we discuss the speeds of things, we mean with respect to the center of the universe

False

friction refers to the force between two surfaces that are sliding past each other

True

if a hockey puck were to slide on a perfectly frictionless surface, it will eventually slow down because of its inertia

False

if you were to slide a hockey puck across a frictionless ice rink, there must be a horizontal force on it to keep it in motion

False

the amount of matter in an object is its weight

False

the SI unit of mass is the newton

False

an astronaut weighs the same on Earth as in space

False

an astronaut has the same mass on Earth as in space

True

in the fourth century B.C., Aristotle divided motion into 2 types: natural motion and violent motion

True