electric field
a force field that fills the space around every electric charge or group of charges
electric field
Measured by force per charge (N/C)
field lines
vectors that describe the electrified web of space that will draw or repel other charges which enter it
electric potential field
energy a charge has due to its location in an electric field
electric potential
electrical potential energy per coulomb (J/C) at a location in an electric field
electric potential
measured in volts
electric potential
often called voltage
volt
the SI unity of electric potential
volt
one ________ is the electric potential difference across which one coulomb of charge gains or loses on joule of energy
voltage
electric potential; measured in volts
voltage
potential difference; measured in volts
potential difference
the difference in electric potential (voltage) between two points
potential difference
when free charge flows because there is a difference and the flow will continue until both points reach a common potential
electric current
the flow of electric charge
electric current
measured in amperes (C/s)
Ampere
SI unit of electric current
Ampere
a flow of one coulomb of charge per one second is one ________
voltage source
a device, such as a battery or generator, that provides a potential difference
electric resistance
the resistance of a material to the flow of electric current through it
electric resistance
measured in ohms
superconductivity
a property of a material that has infinite conductivity at very low temperatures, so that charge flows through it without resistance
ohm
the SI unit of electric resistance
ohm
one _______ is the resistance of a device that draws a current of one ampere where a voltage of one volt is impressed across it
Ohm's Law
the statement that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage impressed across the circuit, and is inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit
Ohm's Law
I = V/R
I = V/R
Ohm's Law using symbols
direct current
electric current whose flow of charge is always in one direction
alternating current
electric current that repeatedly reverses direction, twice each cycle
60
the AC rate in North America is how many hertz?
50
the AC rate everywhere but North America is how many hertz?
diode
an electronic device that resists current to flow in a single direction in an electric circuit
electric power
the rate at which electrical energy is converted into another form
circuit
any complete path along which charge can flow
in series
term applied to portions of an electric circuit that are connected in a row that the current that goes through the circuit must go through all of them
in parallel
term applied to portions of an electric circuit that are connected at two point and provide alternate path for the current between those two points
parallel circuit
an electric circuit in which devices are connected to the same two points of a circuit, so that any single device completes the circuit interdependently of the other
series circuit
an electric circuit in which devices are arranged so that charge flows through each in term. If one part of the circuit should stop the current, it will stop throughout the circuit.
schematic diagram
a diagram that describes an electric circuit, using special symbols to represent different devices in the circuit
current
flow of charge
I
symbol for current
ampere
SI unit of current
A
symbol for SI unit of current
electric resistance
opposition to flow
R
symbol for electrical resistance
ohms
SI unit of electrical resistance
omega
symbol for SI unit of electrical resistance
voltage
electric pressure; electrical potential energy per charge
voltage
electric potential, electromotive forces -- EMF
V
symbol for voltage
volts
SI unit of voltage
v
symbol for SI unit of voltage
electric power
the rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy
P
symbol for electric power
watt
SI unit of electric power
W
symbol for SI unit of electric power
electric energy
electric energy usage
EE
symbol for electric energy
kilowatt-hour
SI unit for electric energy
kWh
symbol for SI unit of electric energy
P = I x V
the formula that relates power, current and voltage
EE = P(t)
the formula for calculating electric energy usage
electric charge
an object having either too many or too few electrons has a(n)...
static electricity
electric charge built up in one place is referred to as...
conductor
a material through which electricity can move is a(n)...
coulomb
the charge on 6.24 billion electrons is called a(n)...
electric current
a flow of electrons or other charged particles through a conductor is...
potential difference
the difference in potential between electrons in one place and electrons in another place is...
resistance
a measure of how difficult it is to move electrons in another place is...
kilowatt-hour
electric energy is measured in a unit called the...
Ohm's Law
the statement, current is equal to the potential difference divided by the resistance, is know as...
volt
the unit of electric potential is the...
electric power
the rate at which a device converts electric energy into another form of energy is called...
ohm
resistance is measured in a unit called the...
battery
one source of constant electric current is a...
amperes
the rate of flow of charged particles is measured in...
insulator
a material through which electrons do not readily move is a(n)...
1
a current of 1 ampere is a flow of charge at a rate of _____ coulomb per second.
15
when a charge of 15 C flows through any area in a circuit each second, the current is _____.
1
one volt is the potential difference between two points if 1 joule of energy is needed to move ____ coulomb of charge between the two points.
120
what a lamp is plugged into a 120 V socket, each coulomb of charge that flows in the circuit is raised to a potential energy of ______ joules.
volts
the units of electric potential difference are _____.
voltage
it is common to call electric potential difference what?
current
the flow of electric charge is called electric _______.
amperes
this flow of electric charge is measured in ______.
narrow
which offers more resistance to water flow, a wide pipe or a narrow one?
thin
which offers more resistance to the flow of charge, a thick wire or a thin one?
exert forces
Both gravitational and electrical fields ______________.
zero
what is the size of the electric field inside any charged conductor?
No
Can gravity be shielded?
Yes
Can electricity be shielded?
increasing
When you life an object (work), you are ________ the object's gravitational potential energy.