The Ideal Gas law can be summed up by the equation
KE=1/2mv^2
...
What engine produces most of the electicity generated in the United States today?
Steam Engine
...
No engine is ideal because?
There would be turbulence present in the gas
There would be friction present causing a loss of energy
It is impossible to completely stop heat flow
A heat engine is
Any device that changes thermal energy into mechanical work
When a volume of air compresses and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will
Increase
The scientist who discovered that pure water has a fixed boiling and freezing temperature was
James Kelvin
ceramic automobile engines that operate at higher temperature will be
more efficient
If a blob of air is swept upward in the atmosphere with no heat input or output its temperature
decreases
An adiabatic process is
a process of compression or expansion of a gas so that no heat eneters of leaves a system
systems that are left alone tend to move toward a state of
less order
thermodynamics is the study of
energy and its transformation into heat and work
running a refrigeratore with its door open in a hot room makes the room
warmer
the lowest possible temperature in nature is
-273 degrees C
Entropy is a measure of
the amount of disorder
entropy measures
messiness or disorder
what is the ideal efficiency of a heat engine operating between temperatures of 2700 K and 300k is
89%
The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the
law of conservation of energy
heat flows only from hot to cold and not from cold to hot
the second law of thermodynamics
The greater the difference in temperature between the input reservoir and output reservoir for a heat engine the
greater the efficiency
suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. as the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine (car runs more efficient in cold)
increases
How is the Carnot efficiency determined
take a temperature difference between the hot reservoir and the cold sink divided by the temperature of the hot reservoir
One hudred joules of energy is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change ( can show up as temperature change) of the system is
40 J
As a system becomes more disordered, entropy
increases
Calculate the ideal efficiency of a power plant that runs between temperatures 600 K and 400?
600-400 = 200/600
hot - cold = Difference / hot 33%
An absolute temperature of 473 K is the same as what Celsius temperature
200 degrees C
add 273 to degrees to C to find Kelvin