i. A state or federal confinement facility that has custodial authority over adults sentenced to confinement
1. Prisons
1. Retribution
b. Deterrence, reformation, economic considerations are secondary
a. A contemporary model of imprisonment based on the principle of just deserts
iv. Justice Model (Also known as just deserts model)
What state reinstated Prison chain gangs?
Alabama
1. The number of inmates a prison can handle according to the judgment of experts
a. Rated capacity
The number of inmates a prison can effectively accommodate based on management considerations
Operational capacity
c. Design capacity
1. The number of inmates a prison was intended to hold when it was built or modified
a. Rhodes v. Chapman
i. Court said that overcrowding is not necessarily dangerous
What does ACA stand for?
5. American Correctional Association
i. Strategy that would imprison almost all serious offenders
Collective Incapacitation
ii. Seeks to identify the most dangerous criminals with the goal of removing them from society
Selective Incapacitation
A system used by prison administrators to assign inmates to custody levels based on offense history, assessed dangerousness, perceived risk of escape, and other factors
Prison Classification Systems
v. Initial or external custody classification system
1. Determine security levels
2. Determine the institution the inmate is placed
vi. Internal classification systems
1. Designed to determine appropriate housing plans and program intervention
2. Determines placement and program assignment
ix. Internal management system (AIMS)
2. Developed to reduce institutional predatory behavior by identifying potential predators and separating them
3. Assesses an inmates
a. Record of misconduct
b. Ability to follow staff directions
c. Level of aggression toward other inmates
1. Provide administrative oversight and support to the institutions and to the community corrections offices
ii. Regional and Central office
i. An acronym for administrative maximum. This term is used by federal gov't to denote ultra-high security prisons
1. Administrative maximum (ADMAX)
USPs
a. US penitentiaries
FCIs
a. Federal correctional institution
FPCs
a. Federal prison camps
MDCs
metropolitan detention centers
i. A confinement facility administered by an agency of local gov't, typically a law enforcement agency, intended for adults but sometimes also containing juveniles. Hold people who are being detained pending adjudication or who were committed after adjudi
Jails
What is an issue with women in jails?
pregnancy
1. A temporary confinement facility that eliminates many of the traditional barriers between inmates and corrections staff. Physical barriers in direct-supervision jails are far less common than in traditional jails, allowing staff members the opportunity
g. Direct-Supervision Jails
1. Contained the growth of jail populations by diverting arrestees to community-based programs
v. Innovative jurisdictions
1. Serve the community while training inmates in marketable skills
ii. Jail industries
1. Give offenders who are sentenced to probationary terms a taste of confinement and life behind bars
iii. Jail "boot camps
a. A jail that is built and run using the combined resources of a variety of local jurisdictions
iv. Regional jails
c. Movement towards privatization began in what year?
1980
i. A correctional institution operated by a private firm on behalf of a local or state gov't
Privatization
Using Private companies
i. Reduces overcrowding
ii. Lowers operating costs
iii. Avoids lawsuits targeted at state officials and employees
h. Richardson v. McKnight
i. Court rules that correctional officers employed by a private firm are not entitled to qualified immunity from suits by prisoners charging a violation
i. Correctional Services Corporation v. Malesko
i. Found that private corporations acting under federal law cannot be held responsible for a Bivens action
a. Deter individual federal officers from committing Constitutional violations
1. Bivens action