Retribution
________ is the act of taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator.
James is sentenced to death for murdering three children.
Which of the following scenarios illustrates retribution?
reduce the likelihood that an offender will commit future offenses.
The purpose of incapacitation is to ______.
Indeterminate sentencing
______ is a model of criminal punishment that encourages rehabilitation through the use of general relatively unspecific sentences
It encourages rehabilitation through the use of general relatively unspecific sentences.
Which of the following statements is true of indeterminate sentencing?
Determinate sentencing
Which of the following refers to a model of criminal punishment in which an offender is given a fixed term of imprisonment that is likely to be reduced by good time or gain time?
Indeterminate sentencing
Which of the following is not a part of structured sentencing?
get tough on crime policies
Over the past thirty years the number of people incarcerated in the US has dramatically risen. This was most likely a result of _______.
High levels of incarceration impose significant human economic costs without necessarily making society any safer.
According to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, which from the following is true?
alternative sentencing
______ is the use of court-ordered community service, home detention, day reporting, drug treatment, psychological counseling, victim-offender programming, or intensive supervision in lieu of other, more traditional sanction, such as imprisonment and fine
Imprisonment
Which of the following is not an example of alternative sentencing?
A parole officer
Who among the following conducts a presentence investigation?
It helps judges determine apt sentences for convicted defendants
Which of the following is true of presentence investigation report?
The Victim and Witness Protection Act
Which of the following acts requires judges to consider victim-impact statements at federal sentencing hearings and places responsibility for their creation on federal probation officers?
The use of fines suffers from built-in-inequities and widespread failure to collect them.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using fines as a criminal sanction?
Deterrence
Which of the following is
not
one of the four traditional sentencing options?
Atkins vs. Virginia (2002)
Benjamin, who is defined as mentally retarded, displays frequent, violent outbursts. During one such outburst, he kills his caretaker and two other mentally handicapped inmates in a mental health facility. Which of the following Supreme Court rulings will
The USA PATRIOT Act
Which of the following acts increased the number of crimes punishable by death under federal jurisdiction?
No attempt to reform a criminal offender
Which of the following is
not
one of the goals of contemporary sentencing?
emphasizes taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator or group of offenders
The sentencing goal of retribution has the following purpose: a just deserts perspective that
Incapacitation
Which of the five goals protects innocent members?
Crime has both individual and social dimensions of responsibility
Which one of the following is part of the philosophy of restorative justice?
model of criminal punishment that includes determinate and commission created presumptive sentencing schemes, as well as voluntary/advisory sentencing guidelines
Structured sentencing is a _______.
Became common in the 1980s as states began to experiment with sentencing guidelines developed by sentencing commissions
Which of the following isn't true of determinate sentencing?
Mitigating circumstances, which indicate that a lesser sentence is called for, are generally similar to legal defenses, although in this case they only reduce criminal responsibility, not eliminate it.
What are mitigating circumstances?
Truth in sentencing
________ is a close correspondence between the sentence imposed upon those sent to prison and the time actually served prior to prison release.
the use of court-ordered community service, home detention, day reporting, drug treatment, psychological counseling, victim-offender mediation, or intensive supervision in lieu of other, more traditional sanctions, such as imprisonment and fines
Alternative sentencing includes ______.
Jacob, an accused in a murder case, is sentences to 25 years of imprisonment
Which of the following scenarios illustrates a traditional sentencing option?
Collin, a convict in a drunk driving case, is ordered to attach a fluorescent license plate to his car.
Which of the following scenarios illustrates public shaming?
information about a defendant's background
What comes to the judge in the form of a presentence investigation (PSI) report?
a victim's rights constitutional amendment - Senate Joint Resolution - was proposed by a bipartisan committee in the US Congress, but problems of wording and terminology prevented its passage
In September 1996 ________.
A victim's rights constitutional amendment - Senate Joint Resolution 65 - was proposed by a bipartisan committee in the US Congress
Which of the following happened in September 1996?
About 41% of felons convicted in state courts were sentenced to active prison terms; another 28% received jail sentences involving less than one year's confinement
Which of the following is true of sentencing practices?
Drug treatment order
Which one is not among the four traditional sentencing options?
The method of execution of an offender may not create a substantial risk of wanton and unnecessary infliction of pain, torture, or lingering death.
What was determined by Baze vs. Rees?
Nearly 3800 people were put to death
Regarding the death penalty, what happened between 1930 and 1967?
In re Kemmler (1890)
Taylor, a suspect in a homicide case, is sentenced to death penalty by electrocution. His lawyers file an appeal in a higher court arguing that death by electrocution is cruel and inhumane. Which of the following landmark judgements is most likely to be c
The death penalty provides a sense of closure to a victim
In the context of the death penalty, which of the following arguments reflects the retentionist position?