1. Algebra
The branch of mathematics that deals with relationships between numbers, utilizing letters and other symbols to represent specific sets of numbers, or to describe a pattern of relationships between numbers.
2. Binomial Expression
An algebraic expression with two unlike terms.
3. Capacity
The greatest volume that a container can hold.
4. Circumference
The distance around a circle.
5. Coefficient
A number multiplied by a variable.
6. Constant Term
A quantity that does not change its value.
7. Expression
A mathematical phrase involving at least one variable and sometimes numbers and operation symbols.
8. Factor
When two or more integers are multiplied, each integer is a factor of the product. "To factor" means to write the number or term as a product of its factors.
9. Integer
The set of numbers ...,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,...
10. Irrational Number
A number whose decimal form is nonterminating and nonrepeating. Irrational numbers cannot be written in the form a/b, where a and b are integers (b cannot be zero). So all numbers that are not rational are irrational.
11. Monomial Expression
An algebraic expression with one term.
12. Perimeter
The sum of the lengths of the sides of a polygon.
13. Polynomial function
A polynomial function is defined as a function,where the coefficients are real numbers.
14. Pythagorean Theorem
It is a theorem that states a relationship that exists in any right triangle. If the lengths of the legs in the right triangle are a and b and the length of the hypotenuse is c, we can write the theorem as the following equation: a^2 + b^2 = c^2
15. Radical
The symbol, b√𝑎, which is read "the bth root of a," is called a radical.
16. Radicand
The number underneath the root symbol. So, in √𝑎, the a is called the radicand.
17. Rational Number
A number expressible in the form a/b or - a/b for some fraction a/b. The rational numbers include the integers.
18. Standard Form of a Polynomial
To express a polynomial by putting the terms in descending exponent order.
19. Term
A number, a variable, or a product of numbers and variables.
20. Trinomial
An algebraic expression with three unlike terms.
21. Variable
A letter or symbol used to represent a number.
22. Volume
The amount of space occupied by an object.
23. Whole numbers
The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, ....
24. Complex Conjugate
A pair of complex numbers, both having the same real part, but with imaginary parts of equal magnitude and opposite signs. For example, 3 + 4i and 3 − 4i are complex conjugates.
25. Complex number
A complex number is the sum of a real number and an imaginary number (a number whose square is a real number less than zero), i.e. an expression of the form where a and b are real numbers and i is the imaginary unit, satisfying i^2 = −1
26. Exponential functions
A function of the form y=a·b^x where a > 0 and either 0 < b < 1 or b >1.
27. Nth roots
The number that must be multiplied by itself n times to equal a given value. The nth root can be notated with radicals and indices or with rational exponents, i.e. x^1/3 means the cube root of x.
28. Rational exponents
For a > 0, and integers m and n, with n > 0, a m n = a n m = a n ( ) m ; a m/n = (a1/n) m = (am) 1/n.
29. Rational expression
A quotient of two polynomials with a non‐zero denominator.
30. Rational number
A number expressible in the form a/b or - a/b for some fraction a/b. The rational numbers include the integers.
31. Associative property of addition
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
32. Commutative property of addition
a + b = b + a
33. Additive identity property of 0
a + 0 = 0 + a = a
34. Existence of additive inverses
For every a there exists -a so that a + (-a) = (-a) + a = 0.
35. Associative property of multiplication
(a × b) × c = a × (b × c)
36. Commutative property of multiplication
a × b = b × a
37. Distributive property of multiplication over addition
a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c