Praxis I math

in order to convert a percentage to a decimal you need to divide by ______

100

in order to decimal to a percentage you need to ______ by 100

multiply

if you want to convert a fraction to a percentage you need to make it =

x over 100

the _______ tells how many times the root needs to be multiplied by itself

index

what is 4 to the power of 1/2 or 4^1/2

2

1/a^n can also be written as a to the ______

-n

what property of equality says that a=a

reflexive

for each real number a, for each real number b, if a= b, then b=a

symmetric

what property of equality ways for each real number a, for each real number b, for each real number c, if a=b and b=c, then a=c

transitive

what is the closure property of addition -for every real number a, for every real number b ______________ is a real number

a+b

what is the closure property of multiplication for every real number a, for every real number b _________ is a real number

ab

the __________property of multiplicaiton for every real numver a, for every real number b ab= ba

commutative

the _________property of addition says that for every real number a, for every real number b for every real number c (a+b) + c = a + (b+c)

associative

the associative property of multiplicaiton for every real number a, for every realy number b for every real number c (ab)c = ______

a(bc)

the __________property of additon says that fro every real number a, ther is a real number such that a + -a = -a+ a = 0

inverse

the inverse property of multiplication says that for every real number a, a cannot = 0 ther is a real number a^____such that a X a ^____ = a^____ X a =1

-1

the _______says for every reals number a, for every real number b and for every real number c, a(b+c) = ab + ac

distributive

a _________ number is a number that can be written in the form of a + bi

complex

in complex numbers the square root of -1 = ______

i

the square of a real number cannot be ___________

negative

the square of 0 is _____

0

the square of both a positive number and a negative real number is _____________

positive

i^2 = _____________

-1

every real number is a ______________

complex

the least common multiple is the smallest quantity divisible by ______ number of the set

every

the greatest common factor is the largest __________that is common to all member of the set

factor

y2-y1 divided by x2- x1 = the ____________

slope

the value of y where a point intersects the x axis = __________

0

the value of x where a point intersects the Y axis= ___________

0

to find the x intersept we need to make __________= 0

y

the ____________ says y-y1= m(x-x1)

point slope formula

what is the linear equation where a, b and c are constants b cannot = 0

ax+ by = c

when you have a linear equation such as ax + by = c you may use ___________ or _____________ to solve the problem, (you may first have to multiply through one of the equation to make either the x or y value equal)

addition subtration

the possible solution of a quadratic equatin ax^2 + bx + c= 0 are called the_______

roots

x= -b (+ or -) square root of (b^2-4ac) divided by 2a, is called the _____________ and can be used to find the roots of a problem

quadratic formula

once you find the roots of a radical equation you must check them to see if any are __________roots (which means they are not equal when plugged back into the original formula) these roots must be ___________

extranous excluded

the graph of y= ax^2 + bx + c is a curve know as a ____________

parabola

the x value of the vertex of a parabola is the equation

-b/2a

the y value of the vertex of parabola is the equation

(4ac-b^2)/4a

in a quadratic formula if the a value of the parabola is _______0 the parabola open upward

greater

in a quadratic formula if the a value of the parabola is less than 0 the parabola opens ___________

downward

if a=0 in a quadratic formula, the quadratic is reduced to a linear function and a ____________

straight line

to solve a system of equations you must first make the two equations ___________to each other, then use the discrimant to find if the system has any real roots

equal

in a quadratic equation in 2 unknowns has the general formula ax^2 + bxy + cy^2+dx ey+ f = 0 the graph is called an __________ (if a, b and c are not zero)

ellipse

in a quadratic equation in 2 unknowns has the general formula ax^2 + bxy + cy^2+dx +ey+ f = 0 the graph is called an __________or a __________ or __________(b=0 and a=c)

point circle does not exist

in a quadratic equation in 2 unknowns has the general formula ax^2 + bxy + cy^2+dx +ey+ f = 0 the graph is called an __________ (b^2-4ac greater then 0)

hyperbola

in a quadratic equation with 2 unknown which has the formula ax^2 + bxy + cy^2 + dx + ey + f the graph is _____________ or a pair of __________ if ( b^2-4ac= 0) which may be coincident or it does not exist

parabola parallel line

when solving a system of equation involving quadratics and one is linear and the other is quadratic, solve the _______ first , then substitue the found value into the quadratic and solve for the other unknown

linear substitute

when solving a system of equation with 2 quadratic function, first __________ one equation from the other equation to find isolate one variable, solve for that variable, then ______ and solve for the other variable

subtract substitute

in the law of proportion if a/b = c/d then ad =

bc

in the law of proportion if a/b = c/d then b/a =

d/c

in the law of proportion if a/b = c/d then a/c

b/c

in the law of proportion if a/b = c/d then (a+b)/ b =

(c+d)/d

in the law of proportion if a/b = c/d then (a-b)/b =

(c-d)/d

a point has no ________or thickness

size

a series adjacent points that connect

line

a collection of points lying on a flat surface that extend indefinitely in any direction

plane

the set of all points on a half line and the dividing point itself

ray

three or more points are said to be ___________if an only if they lie on the same line

collinear

the absolue value of the difference of the coordinates of any two points on the real number line

distance

a line that divides a line segment into two congruent segments

bisector

the union of two rays having the same end point

angle

if all points lie in the same plane they are __________

coplanar

two angles with a common vertex and a common side but no common interior points

adjacent

two angles with a common vertex and with sides that are 2 pairs of opposite rays

vertical

an angle whose measure is larger than 0 degrees but smaller than 90 degrees

acute

an angle whose measure is 90 degrees

right angle

an angle whose measure is larger than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

obtuse angle

an angle whose measure is 180 degrees

straight

an angle whose measure is greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees

reflex

two angles whose sum totals 90 degrees

complimentary

two angles whose sum totals 180 degrees

supplementary

angles that are equal

congruent

a ray _________ divides the angle into 2 angles that have equal measure

bisect

two lines are said to be ______________ if they intersect and form right angles

perpendicular

distance from a ___________ to a _________ is the measure of the perpendicular line segment from the point to that line

point line

two or more distinct lines are said to be ____________ if and only if they are coplanar and they do no intersect

parallel

two distinct straight lines can intersect at most at only one point

one

if a triangle has two congruent sides then it is an _________triangle

isosceles

_____________ of angles is an equivalance relation - it is reflexive, symmetric and transitive

congruence

a ___________is a figure with the same number of sides as angles

polygon

is a polygon whose sides are equal in measure

equilateral polygon

is a polygon whose angles are equal in measurement

equiangular polygon

is a polygon that is both equilateral and equangular

regular polygon

when calculating the number of sides in a polygon make 360 degrees/ n = ______________

exterior angle

the perimeter of a polygon is equal to the ________of sides X the _____________ of sides

length number

the segment from the center of the polygon perpendicular to as side of the polygon

apothem

the __________ of a regular polygon is the segment joining an vertex with the center of the polygon

radius

use ____________= 1/2a X p (where a = apothem and p = the perimeter)

area of a polygon

the perimeter of two similar polygons have the same ratio as teh measure of any pair of corresponding line segments of the polygon

ratio

a closed three sided figure is called a ____________

triangle

that points of intersection on a triangle are called its _____________

vertices

when proving 2 polygons are similar -what is the formula you use (hint: n= the number of sides)

((n-2) (180))/n

a triangle with no equal sides

scalene

a triangle with having at least 2 equal sides

isosceles

a triangle whose sides are equal

equilateral

a triangle whose angles all equal 60 degrees

equiangular

the sum of the interior angles of a triangle = ___________

180

a triangle with one obtuse angle (angle greater than 90 degrees) is

obtuse

a triangle with three acute angles (less than 90 degrees)

acute

a triangle with a 90 degrees angle

right

the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle

hypotenuse

in the pythagorean theorm a^2 + b^2 = c^2, c is called the ______

hyotenuse

the __________of a triangle is a line segment from a vertex of the triangle perpendicular to the opposite side

altitude

what is the formula for the area of a triangle

1/2bh

a line segment connecting a vertex of a triangle and the midpoint of the opposite side is called a __________ of a triangle

median

a line that joins the midpoint of two sides of a triangle is called the__________

mildline

___________is a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel

parallelogram

2 angles that have their vertices at the endpoints of the same side of a parallelogram are called ____________________

consecutive angles

how do you calculate the area of a parallelogram -what is the formula

bh

a parallelogram with right angles and equal diagonals

rectangle

what is the formula to calculate the area of a rectangle

lw

a parallelogram that has tow adjacent sides that are equal and whose sides are perpendicular to each other

rhomus

wha tis the formula for the area of a rhomus- (hint d= diagonal)

1/2 (d1 + d2)

a rhomus with a right angle

square

to calculate the diagnol of a square you multipy any ______by the _______________of 2

side square root

what is the formula for the area of a square

s^2

what is the formula for a square if you only know the length of the diaganol

1/2 (d)^2

what is a quadrilateral with 2 and only 2 sides parallel

trapezoid

how do you calculate the area of a trapezoid (hint h= altitude -perpendicular segment)

1/2h (b1 + b2)

what type of trapezoid has its non parallel sides equal

isosceles

a set of points in teh seame plane equidistant from a fixed point- called its center

circle

a __________of a circle is a line segment drawn from the center of the circle to any point on the circle

radius

a portion of a circle is called an ________ of the circle

arc

a line that intersects a circle in tow point is called the _______

secant

a line segment joining two poing on a circle is called a ________

chord

the measure of a minor arc is the measure of the __________that intercepts the arc

central angle

a __________________ is a circle passing through all the vertices of a polygon

circumscribed circle

what are the 2 formulas to calculate the circumference of a circle

pi(d) 2(pi)r

what is the formula for the area of a circle

(pi)r ^2

what is the formula the formula for an arc if you know the radius and the n= central angle

(n/360) X 2pi r

the volume of a cube is

a^3

the surface area of a cube is what formula

6a^2

wha tis the volume of a right circular cylinder with a radius of r and a height of h

pi r^2 h

what is the surface area of a right circular cylinder with a radius of r and a height of h

2pi r^2 + 2pi rh

what is the volume of a sphere with a radius r

4/3 pi r^3

what is the surface area of a sphere with a radius r

4pi r^2

what is the area of a pyramid or cone (hint B= area of Base)

1/3Bh

what is the volume of a cone

1/3 pi r^2 h

what is the square of ((x1-x2) + (y1-y2)) =

distance between 2 points

a __________is any process that assigns a ___________value of y to each number of x

function single

in a function the x value is the ___________variable

dependent

when you see f of g replace the x in f(x) with the ___________

g value

when you find the inverse of a function switch the x value with a ____, solve for y

y

in a logarithm the answer following the = sign is the __________

exponent

log base b to the 1 = ____________

0

log base b to the b = ____________

1

log base b to the b^x =

x

when calculating the probability of mutually exclusive event y (can not occur simultaniously) you need to ______their seperate probabilities (uses the word "or")

added

when calculating the probability of independent events you need to __________ (words like and &" followed by" )

multiply

the difference between the largest and smallest numbers in a set is called the ___________

range

operation in steps = if an event a ways and followed by b ways followed by c ways the total number of ways it can be done is

a x b x c

positions= number of position can be calculated by finding the ______ of the total number of items

factoral

to calculate a permutation (order does not matter) what is the formula

n!/ (n-r)!

what is the formula for a combination (where order matters)

n!/(r!(n-r)!)