Physical Development
body changes in a growing individual (bone thickness, size, weight, vision, coordination)
Social-Emotional Development
growth in the 2 related areas of social and emotional skills, social development (learning to relate to others), emotional development (refining feelings and expressions of feelings)
Language Development
process by which children come to understand and communicate during early childhood
Cognitive Development
growth in the mental processes used to gain knowledge (thought, reasoning, imagination)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
when healthy baby unexpectedly dies during sleep, most occur due to poor sleep environment
Egocentric
thinking only of oneself, without regard for the feelings or desires of others; self-centered.
Punishment
penalty for some offense; pain, loss
Predictable stages of development
rolls over, sits with support, crawls, pulls to stand, walk
Toilet training
primarily a biological process which parents/caregivers can not and should not control, a developmental issue that typically occurs during the toddler years
Receptive Language
receiving the message (listening and reading), gaining understanding
Temperament
traits that make up an individuals style of behaving
Attachment
an extra part or extension that is or can be attached to something to perform a particular function.
Separation Anxiety
anxiety provoked in a young child by separation or the threat of separation from their mother
Environment
people, places, things (stimulation, stress)
Head-to-toe development
baby moves head first, gains strength in shoulders, rolls over, crawls, walks
Inside-out development
babies roll over with their torsos, crawl with their arms and legs
Discipline
strict, enforce obedience, to control
Interrelated activities or development
learning as whole people (every area of development)
Individual rates of development
how each child develops differently
Expressive language
conveying the message (talking and writing), show understanding
Transitions
change from one place/activity to another, good time to incorporate movement/motor activities into daily routines
Parallel Play
when children play next to each other, but not engaging with each other
Private Speech
talking aloud, helps brain organize itself and helps with problem solving
Development
growth and change over time
Culture
family specifics (feeding, crawling, male/female respect)
Negativism
do things their way (give choices)
role model
someone a child looks up to or wants to be like
designer
set up the learning environment, developmentally appropriate materials, safety and space for exploring
consultant
resource, uninterrupted play, ask open ended questions, encourage problem solving
authority
boundaries, expectations
Physical (Birth-1 year)
reflexes, fine and gross motor skills, rolling over, pushing up from belly, sit with support, begin to crawl
Language (Birth-1 year)
crying, cooing sounds, babble and laugh, understanding meanings of words, 2-3 clear words,
Cognitive (Birth-1 year)
eyes crossing, vision blurry, pathways organizing and strengthening, seeing further away, cause and effect, hand eye coordination, trial and error, stranger anxiety, object permanence, curiosity
Social-Emotional (Birth-1 year)
attachment, recognizing faces, response to name, wanting interactions, prefers to play with caregivers, imitations
Physical (1-3 years)
balance on 1 foot, throw bounce and kick ball, jumps with one foot, climb stairs, run, pedal, puzzles, pre-cutting skills, drawing, building blocks
Language (1-3 years)
repeating words and phrases, enjoy looking at books, have conversations with not at,
Cognitive (1-3 years)
recalls past events, repetition and visuals are key, imagination, problem solving, categorizing, matching, understand acceptable behavior, anticipates consequences
Social-Emotional (1-3 years)
shows feelings in socially acceptable ways, show pride in accomplishments, enjoy companionship of other children, take care of their own needs
Physical (3-5 years)
control impulses, helps others
Language (3-5 years)
talking, asking questions, pretending to read and write, knows up to 5000-8000 words, make up words, play around with sounds, read signs in the community, love rhymes and finger plays
Cognitive (3-5 years)
notices how things are alike and different, sorts and matches objects, able to count a few items, begins to understand the rules of games, matches letters to words, recognizes patterns in the spoken word, recognizes patterns in nature and environment, enj
Social-Emotional (3-5 years)
cooperative play, parallel play, empathy, control impulses, understand logical consequences, role play, adjust or make up rules to games