Psychosocial Needs
Needs that involve social interaction, emotions, intellect, and spirituality.
Holistic Care
A type of care that involves caring for the whole person-the mind as well as the body.
Masturbation
To touch or rub sexual organs in order to give oneself or another person sexual pleasure.
Gay
A person whose sexual preference is for people of the same sex, or men who prefer men.
Heterosexual
A person whose sexual preference is for people of the opposite sex; AKA straight.
Homosexual
A person whose sexual preference is for people of the same sex.
Lesbian
A woman whose sexual preference is for women.
Bisexual
A person who is sexually attracted to both men and women.
Transsexual
1. One who wishes to be accepted by society as a member of the opposite sex.
2. One who has undergone a sex change option.
Transgender
A person whose gender identify conflicts with his or her birth sex (sex assigned at birth due to anatomy).
Transitioning
The process of changing genders.
Spiritual
Of, or relating to, the spirit or soul.
Reincarnation
A belief that some part of a living being survives death to be reborn in a new body.
Karma
The belief that all past and present deeds affect one's future and future lives.
Yarmulke
A small skullcap worn by Jewish men as a sign of their faith.
Rabbis
Religious leaders of the Jewish faith.
Agnostics
People who believe that they do not know or cannot know if God exists.
Atheists
People who believe that there is no God and actively deny the existence of God.
Dietary Restrictions
Rules about what and when individuals can eat.
Fasting
Not eating food or eating very little food.
Vegetarians
People who do not eat meat, fish, or poultry and may or may not eat eggs and dairy products.
Vegans
People who do not eat any animals or animal products; vegans may also not use or wear any animal products.
Premature
The term for babies who are born before 37 weeks gestations (more than 3 weeks before the due date).
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
A condition in which babies stop breathing while asleep and die for no known reason.
Cognitive
Related to thinking and learning.
Chickenpox
A highly contagious viral illness that strikes nearly all children.
Leukemia
Form of cancer in which the body's white blood cells are unable to fight disease.
Anorexia
An eating disorder in which a person does not eat or exercises excessively to lose weight.
Bulimia
An eating disorder in which a person binges, eating huge amount of foods or very fattening food, and then purges, eliminating food by vomiting, using laxatives, or exercising excessively.
Trauma
Severe injury.
Menopause
The end of menstruation.
Geriatrics
The study of health, wellness, and disease later in life.
Gerontology
The study of the aging process in people from mid-life through old age.
Ageism
Prejudice toward, stereotyping of, and/or discrimination against older persons or the elderly.
Developmental disabilities
Disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during childhood that restrict physical or mental ability.
1. List six basic human physical needs.
1. Food
2. Water
3. Protection & shelter
4. Activity
5. Sleep & rest
6. Comfort, especially freedom from pain
2. What psychosocial needs do humans have?
-Love & affection
-Acceptance by others
-Safety & security
-Self-reliance & independence in daily living
-Contact with others
-Success & self-esteem
3. According to Maslow, which needs must be met first, physical or emotional?
Physical needs
4. What does giving holistic care mean?
Holistic care means caring for the whole person-the mind as well as the body (i.e. talking with the residents while helping them bathe).
5. List 6 examples of losses that residents may be experiencing?
-Loss of spouse, family members, or friends due to death
-Lose of workplace & its relationships due to retirement
-Loss of ability to go to favorite places
-Loss of ability to attend services and meeting at their faith communities
-Loss of home & personal
6. What are 6 problems that a lack of independence can cause?
-Poor self-image
-Anger toward caregivers, others, & self
-Feelings of helplessness, sadness, and hopelessness
-Feelings of being useless
-Increased dependence
-Depression
7. List 4 ways that NAs can accommodate residents' sexual needs.
-Always knock or announce yourself before entering a residents' room.
-If you encounter a sexual situation between consenting adult residents, provide privacy and leave the room.
-Honor 'Do Not Disturb' signs.
-Be open & nonjudgmental about residents' sex
8. What is one way that NAs can show respect for residents' sexual identity?
NAs should not assume they know what impact a physical disability has had on sexuality, always be sensitive to privacy needs, & always treat the residents with respect.
9. List 5 ways that NAs can help residents meet their spiritual needs.
-Learn and listen about residents beliefs
-If religious, encourage participation in religious services
-Allow privacy for clergy visits
-Respect all religious items
-Get to know the priest, rabbi, or minister
10. What can NAs never do regarding residents' spiritual or religious needs?
-Try to change someone's religion
-Tell residents their belief/religion is wrong
-Express judgments about a religious group
-Insist residents join religious activities
-Interfere with religious practices
11. Pick 3 religions listed in Learning Objective 6 and briefly describe them. Feel free to add information that is not included in the Learning Objective.
Buddhism: Started in Asia, with followers worldwide now; based on the teachings of Buddha, belief is that life is filled with suffering that is caused by desire and that suffering ends when desire end; emphasizes meditation.
Hinduism: Dominant faith of In
12. If a resident is an atheist, but her NA believes in God, is it okay for the NA to ask the resident to pray with her?
NO!
13. List 7 ways that regular physical activity can help a person.
-Relieve symptoms of depression
-Improve body function
-Improve sleep quality
-Lowering risk of falls
-Increasing energy
-Improving mood and concentration
-Lessening the risk of heart disease
14. List 7 ways that inactivity and immobility can cause problems for a person
-Loss of self-esteem
-Depression
-Boredom
-Pneumonia
-UTI
-Constipation
-Blood clots
15. List 4 ways that families can help residents.
-Make care decisions
-Communicating with care team
-Giving support and encouragement
-Connecting the resident to the outside world
16. Name 3 ways NAs can meet emotional needs of residents and their families.
The response depends on many factors, including: how comfortable he/she felt with emotions in general, how well he/she knows the person, and what the need/problem is.
NAs should empathize (understand how the person feels), listen, offer support & encourag
17. Name at least 2 common disorders for each stage of human development.
-Infancy (Birth - 12 months): Prematurity, low-birth-weight babies, birth defects (general, but includes: cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, & cystic fibrosis), SIDS, viral & bacterial infections.
-Toddler (Ages 1 - 3), Preschool (Ages 3 - 6), School-Age (Age
18. What is ageism?
Prejudice toward, stereotyping of, and/or discrimination against older persons or the elderly.
19. In movies, elderly people are often shown as helpless, lonely, disabled, slow, forgetful, dependent, or inactive. What is actually true of most older adults?
Research indicates that most older people are active and engage in work, volunteer activities, learning programs, and exercise regimens. Aging is a normal process, not a disease!!!
20. List 10 normal changes of aging.
-Skin is thinner, dryer, more fragile, less elastic
-Muscles weaken & lose tone
-Bones lose density & become more brittle
-Sensitivity of nerve endings in the skin decreases
-Responses & reflexes slow
-Senses of vision, hearing, taste, touch & smell weake
21. What are developmental disabilites?
Disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during childhood.
22. What is the most common developmental disorder?
Mental retardation
23. List 4 community resources that can help residents meet their needs?
-Social workers
-Support groups
-Ombudsman program
-The National Resource Center on LGBT