beowulf
a young warrior from Geatland. "strongest of the geats
hrothgar
King of the Danes
grendel
demon descended from Cain, terrorizes Herot, killed by Beowulf
herot
a wooden, large mead hall where the men of the community go to meet, celebrate, eat, or sleep.
higlac
Beowulf's uncle, king of the Geats
wealthow
Hrothgar's wife & queen of the Danes. Represents love & womanhood.
unferth
A Danish warrior who is jealous of Beowulf, Unferth is unable or unwilling to fight Grendel, thus proving himself inferior to Beowulf.
what is an epic poem
A long story and one that involves a hero.
what was the role of scopes
traveling to the mead halls around Angelo- Saxon country side to recite their poems to the warriors who returned from battle
journey
a traveling from one place to another, usually taking a rather long time; trip
epic hero
a brave and noble character in an epic poem, admired for great achievements or affected by grand events
kenning
two word metaphor, clever way to rename a familiar thing
alliteration
Repetition of initial consonant sounds
caesura
rhythemic break in the middle of a line
christianity
a belief in good versus evil
paganism
group of individuals who believed their lives were completely in the hands of fate.
Who built Herot?
Hrothgar
what is herot symbolic for?
human civilization, culture and the good in the Beowulf world
how long was herot closed for and why
12 winters
what is beowulf ultimately searching for? why?
to get respect from the king and everyone who lived in Herot
describe the encounter between grendel and beowulf
Beowulf knows he is in danger when he finds out that Grendel is undefeated against these men
describe the battle between beowulf and grendel. what prize does he gain from this
Beowulf doesn't use any weapons so he is equal with Grendel and he pretends that he was sleeping when Grendel enters the mead hall where they fight. Beowulf grabs Grendel's hand and tears it off where Grendel runs away to bleed out. Beowulf gets Grendel's
what is hrunting
a sword given to Beowulf
who did hrunting originally belong to
Unferth
what happened to hrunting?
nothing because no man-made sword can cut grendel's mother's skin
describe the battle between Beowulf and Grendel's mother. what prize does he gain from this
Beowulf goes alone and sinks to the bottom of the swamp to her home, he found a sword that is made to actually hurt Grendel's mom. Beowulf cuts off her head and takes it back to Herot as his prize
how long does beowulf's reign last
50 years
who is wiglaf
A young kinsman and retainer of Beowulf who helps him in the fight against the dragon while all of the other warriors run away.
reaction by wiglaf and the other men
Wiglaf is angry and kills the dragon, the men are terrified and run for their lives.
describe the battle between beowulf and the dragon
Beowulf went to fight the dragon knowing that he was going to die. the more fire the dragon blew the more Beowulf would become weaker, the dragon gets angry when Beowulf takes a stab at him then bites him in the neck.
what was the outcome of the battle between beowulf and the dragon
Beowulf is dying, Wiglaf goes to get treasure to show Beowulf before he dies
how are beowulf and the dragon injured?
Beowulf is injured by being bitten in the neck, the dragon is hurt because wiglaf attacked him
who becomes king after beowulf's death
Wiglaf
what is an example of a kenning
bookworm- someone reads a lot
what is an example of alliteration
from friendless founding, feeble, and wretched
describe the encounter between grendel and unferth
Grendel mocks Unferth's heroic challenge and throws apples at him
what role do apples play? how are these symbolic?
Grendel threw apples at Beowulf and they are symbolic because it is related to the Garden of Eden
how did grendel feel about the strangers?
Grendel liked the strangers and was excited because he wanted to be friends with them.
what was grendels side of the story with beowulf
he thinks beowulf is insane
in hamlet, who lives in denmark?
king Hamlet
in hamlet, who lives in norway?
king fortinbras
what is fortinbras role?
the prince of norway, wants to attack denmark for killing his father
why is england important?
claudius sent hamlet here because he was scared of him
why is poland important?
it is where fortinbras plans to attack.
who sees the ghost for the first time and at approximately what time?
Marcellus and Bernardo see the ghost at about one o'clock
who does the ghost speak to?
Hamlet
what is the ghosts purpose?
to avenge his own death
how was he murdered and by whom?
claudius kills him by pouring poison in his ear
how is hamlet and claudius related?
Claudius is Hamlet's uncle
what wish does claudius have for hamlet at the start of the play?
to stop being so sad about his father's death
where does claudius eventually order hamlet to be taken and why? what is the supposed outcome of this?
to England because he killed Polonius and has gone mad.
who does claudius set up a fencing match between and why?
Laertes
who is polonius in relation to claudius
he is the chief counselor
who are polonius' children
Laertes to Ophelia
why does polonius believe hamlet to be mad?
because of his unrequited love for ophelia
describe polonius brilliant plan to seek out information about hamlet
they use Ophelia to talk to Hamlet and they hide behind a curtain so they can still hear the conversation.
what is polonius fate?
being in the wrong place at the wrong time, spying on hamlet
why is ophelia ordered to stay away from hamlet
because polonius thinks hamlet is obsessed with her and would use her
does she love hamlet? how do we know?
Ophelia goes mad after turning away from Hamlet because her heart convinced her that she loved him
why does she suffer from madness
she is grieving the death of her father and her failed relationship with Hamlet
what is ophelias fate
drowning
what is the controversy surrounding her burial?
she killed herself so she wasn't allowed to have a proper burial
what favor has the ghost asked of hamlet?
to seek revenge
who is hamlet's only true friend?
Horatio
why does hamlet pretend to be mad
he wants to investigate his father's death without letting claudius know
explain the 2 major soliloquies spoken by hamlet. what is the message he is trying to instill
To be and to not to be and when guilderstern and rosencrantz were walking hamlet to the ship and was plotting revenge
what is the mouse trap? what was its purpose
a play trying to get a reaction out of claudius if he was guilty of the death of his father
who accompanied hamlet on his voyage back to england?
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern
what role did pirates play?
he uses them to say he was captured by them and were returning to denmark
how does he feel about his decision? how does horatio feel about it?
hamlet feels that its the perfect opportunity and horatio thinks its a bad idea
what is unique about laertes fencing sword?
there is poison at the tip of the sword to kill hamlet
how does claudius die?
Hamlet stabs him with the poisoned blade and then forces him to drink the rest of the poison.
why does hamlet refer rosencrantz and guildenstern as sponges
because they soak up all of claudius' orders
explain the circumstances behind rosencrantz and guildenstern's execution
Hamlet rewrote the letter so that they would be executed and not hamlet
who sets up the fencing match?
claudius
what odds does claudius give for hamlet to beat laertes
Hamlet would get the pearl that was in the drink
what is plan A and plan B for the fencing match
plan a is to put poison on the tip of laertes' sword and have him get the first hit, plan b is to put poison in the drink and let hamlet drink it after his win
when the match begins what will claudius do if hamlet receives the first or second hit
take a drink for hamlet's health and then put poison in hamlet's drink
what happens when hamlet makes the first hit? how do hamlet, claudius, and gertrude react?
hamlet wants to wait to take his drink, claudius takes his drink, gertrude is happy and wants him to drink his cup
when hamlet is struck by laertes sword, he drops the sword and hamlet picks it up, what happens then?
they switch swords
what happens to gertrude?
she drinks poison from cup meant for hamlet
prior to his death, laertes asks for ____ from hamlet and also explains that is was ____ idea for the match
he asks for forgiveness from hamlet and it was all claudius' idea
why did hamlet stop horatio from commiting suicide
Told horatio that he needed someone to tell his story
what happens to hamlet
he gets cut with the posion dipped sword
What is an adjective clause?
modifies a noun or pronoun, acts as an adjective, must always follow the noun or pronoun it modifies , begins with relative pronouns, if omitted still makes sense
example of an adjective clause
the house on the left, which belongs to nicole, is up for sale
what is an adverb clause
used like an adverb, modifies the verb, adverb or adjective, has a subject and a verb, begin with subordinating conjunction
example of an adverb clause
Dave visits the museum of art whenever he visits Boston
What is a noun clause?
dependent clause acting as a noun, begin with relative pronouns, acts as subjects, predicate nominatives, direct objects, and the object of prepositions
example of a noun clause
George was not responsible for what Logan decided to do.