In order to maintain maneuverability of a vessel via Rudder, what element do you need?
Headway
What is the term to describe the minimum speed needed to steer a vessel?
Bare Steerage
If the ship is moving forward and has a rudder angle to starboard, which direction does the ship go?
Starboard
What causes the stern of a single screw vessel to move in a direction depending on the direction the rudder rotates?
Sideforce
*Memorize turning circle diagram
...
What major factor determines whether a vessel is able to stop?
Displacement
Static data on an AIS unit
MMSI, Destination, Call Sign, Ship's Draft, etc
Dynamic data on an AIS unit
GPS, Rate of Turn, Speed over Ground, Course over Ground, Gyro Heading
How far does a Class A AIS system need to transmit?
20-30 nm of range
What type of vessels are required to have a Class A AIS transmitter?
Those required to meet SOLAS Chapter V
How far does a Class B AIS system need to transmit
2-5 nm
What is the most common type of engine for a commercial vessel?
Diesel
What type of clock is essential to ensure the GPS system remains in place?
Atomic Clock
What factor does the autopilot most crucially rely upon?
Rudder Heading
What type of input is required for COG mode on an autopilot?
GPS
How many satellites are REQUIRED for a 2-D fix? 3-D fix?
Three/Four
What autopilot mode takes into account set and drift?
COG mode
What is the database satellites utilize to communicate with one another?
Almanac
What component is added when using DGPS?
A land station is also utilized to help calculate the position
AIS utilizes what frequencies to communicate?
87B and 88B
What is another term for Satellite?
Space Vehicles (SV's)
What is the name of the ground hub responsible for managing the satellites?
Master Control Station
What mathematical principle does GPS use to determine one's location in a 2D or 3D environment?
Trilateration
What is the accumulated drift of receiver clock called
Bias
What is the term for spread out satellites being utilized to calculate the most accurate position?
Dilution of Precision
DOP scale rating: The ... the number, the more ideal the reading
lower
What system is used primarily for military use and provides a more accurate position?
Precise Positioning Service
What is the term of denying high-accuracy real-time positioning to potential enemies.
Selective Availability
What is the highest theoretical accuracy of a DGPS system?
10 cm
What network of ground based stations takes measurements of reference stations and route it to master stations?
Wide Area Augmentation System
When was AIS mandated by IMO?
2000
How many VHF receivers and transmitters is required for AIS?
Two receivers, one transmitter
What is the path followed by the pivot point of a ship making a 360 degree turn?
Turning Circle
What is the distance gained in the direction of the original force
Advance
What is the distance gained at right angles to the original course when the ship has turned through 90
Transfer
What is the distance the ship moves sideways from the original course away from the direction of the turn
Kick
The distance gained to the right or left of the original course when a 180 turn has been completed
Tactical Diameter
What is the distance perpendicular to the original course between tangents drawn at the points where 180 and 360 of the turn are completed
Final Diameter
What is a downside of twin screw:
Spare engine, sideforce eliminated, more maneuverability, more fuel
How are the thrusts supplied?
Through the power motor powereixther
To see small contacts (like a lifeboat) on the edge of the 24 nm range scale, your vessel antenna height of
386 ft.
When using trial maneuver on an arpa display, target vectors must be set to
relative
A radar display which is oriented, so that north is always at the top of the screen is ...
Stabilized display
Radar makes the most accurate determination of the?
distance of a target
An azimuth stabilized radar display compensates for what motion of a vessel?
Yaw
A Radar contact will remain stationary on a relative motion radar display only when
on the same course and speed as your vessel
The closest point of approach of a contact on a relative motion radar display may be determined
after the contact has been marked at least twice
The 3-cm radar as compared to the 10 cm radar with similar equipment specifications will
display better map like presentation for inshore navigation
What is the wavelength of an X-band Radar?
3-cm
The radar control known as the sensitivity time control is commonly referred to as?
sea clutter
In a true motion ground stabilized radar display with a significant set and drift and your vessel keeping a constant heading, a fixed object will?
remain Stationary
Using the e-r-m method of vector triangle plotting, the true motion movement of the target on the plotting sheet is designated as
e to m
Generally speaking, as a pulse repetition rate goes down on a target range scale, pulse repetition length becomes?
Longer
After what marine accident did Radar training for bridge watch-standers become mandatory?
Andria Doria
A Radar range plotted on a nautical chart will provide a LOP in the form of a(n)
Arc
A vessel constructed out of __________ should theoretically have the best radar reflection on a radar scope
Steel
True or False: The vessel's watch officer must use this equipment to obtain early warning of a Risk of Collision
True
True or False: The Rules of the Road requires the mate on watch consider the overall characteristics of his Radar equipment in determining speed at which his vessel should be proceeding at
True
Which of the following conditions will usually decrease the normal Radar maximum detection range?
sub-refraction
What inputs (external from the Radar scope) does your ARPA need to calculate target data for a designated target
Own ship STW and Own ship heading
What is the maximum number of minutes you should wait until utilizing ARPA data for collision avoidance decision making?
3 minutes
You have set your arpa limits defining dangerous targets as CPA range of 3nm and time of CPA of 10 minutes. Which of the following would cause a dangerous target alarm to activate?
when the acquired target has a CPA of 1.8 nm and a time of CPA of 10 minutes
True or False: The arpa will activate a warning alarm if the gyro or speed inputs stop but it will not give an alarm if these same inputs are erroneous?
True
A watch stander can measure the error in the arpa data by comparing this data to
a radar transfer plot
To graphically represent CPA on ARPA, you can do the following
make the VRM tangent to the relative vector of the contact
Which of the following arpa symbols represents a dangerous target as defined by cpa and tcpa settings?
(triangle with line in it)
How would you use an EBL and VRM line/arc on your radar to increase range and bearing?
place ebl on center of target and vrm on inner edge
An advantage of having AIS overlay capabilities on an arpa display is?
the ability to see small targets at which radar may not pick up immediately
What will occur if a target enters a guard zone on an ARPA display?
both of the above
When more than one contact occupies the same tracking gate, what can happen?
any of the above
If the gyro fails, the arpa will default into which display?
Heads up
Which of the following radar controls must be properly set when you are using ARPA?
all of the above
True or False: Action to avoid a collision shall not be based on scanty radar information
True
True or False: The arpa will signal an alarm to warn the operator of target swap
false
Your heading flash is oriented to the top of you scope and it indicates that you are on a heading of 090T. You change course to 110T and the heading flash shifts 20 degrees right but the display remains stable. Which display are you using?
course up
Your radar is set to an offset relative motion display which of the following will not appear to move across the display?
A vessel on the same course and speed as you
You are using a Head up display. When bearing is measured they will be ____
Relative
If the gyro input on the radar fails you can still operate the equipment in ______ mode.
Head up
A Racon will display a Morse signal on your radar scope ____
At regular intervals
Minimum detection range is influenced by all of the following except?
Shadowing from observing the ships structure.
The gain control adjusts the ____
Receiver Sensitivity
True or False: A lookout is not required if your ship is equipped with radar/arpa.
False
In determining safe speed, vessels equipped with radar should not consider
ETA at the pilot station
True or False: In determining risk of collision proper use shall be made of radar equipment including long range scanning to obtain early warning of ROC
True
True or False: Vertical beam width has an effect on minimum detection range
True
What is wavelength of an S Band Radar?
3 ghz
What is the approximate transmit frequency of an x band radar?
9 ghz
Tankers of 10,000 grt or more are required to carry a
Radar and a second completely independent radar system
True or False: A radar sart will indicate a Morse code signal on the true bearing on a 10cm radar
False