adnexa
tissues or structures in the body in the body that are next to or near another
areola
the darker pigmented circular area surrounding the nipple of each breast
cervix
the part of the uterus that protrudes into the cavity of the vagina
climacteric
the cessation of menstruation
clitoris
the vaginal erectile tissue corresponding to the male penis
coitus
the sexual union of two people of the opposite sex in which the penis is introduced into the vagina
copulation
sexual intercourse
corpus luteum
a yellowish mass that forms within the ruptured ocarian follicle after the ovulation containing high levels of progesterone and some estagon
diaphragm
a term used in gynecology to represent a form of contraception, the musculomembranous wall separating the abdomen form the thoracic cavity
endometrium
the inner lining of the uterus
estrogen
one of the female hormones that promotes the development of female secondary sex characteristics
fallopian tubes
one of a pair of tubes opening at one end into the uterus and at the other end into the peritoneal cavity over the ovary
fertilization
the union of male sperm and female ovum
fimbriae
a fringe like end of the fallopian tube
fourchette
a tense band of mucous membrane at the postrior rim of the vaginal opening the point in which the labia minora connects
fundus
the dome shaped central upper portion of the uterus between the points of insertion of the fallopian tubes also the point of any organ farthest from the opening
gamete
a mature sperm or ovum
gonads
a term used to refer to the female sec glands or ovaries and the male sex glands or testes
gynecology
the branch of medicine that deals with the study of diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
hymen
a thin layer of elastic connective tissue membrane that forms a border around the outer opening of the vagina and may partially cover the vaginal opening
labia majora
two folds of skin containing fatty tissue and covered with hair that lie on either side of the vaginal opening extending from the mons pubis to the perineum the outer surface of the labia majora is covered by pubis hair the inner surface is smooth and moi
labia minora
two folds of hairlike skin located within the folds of the labia majora, the minora extends from the clitoris downward towards the perineum
mammary glands
the female breasts
mastectomy
surgical removal of the breast as a treatment method for breast cancer
mastitis
inflammation of the breasts
menarche
onset of menstruation, the first menstrual period
menopause
the permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle
menstruation
the periodic shedding of the lining of the non pregnant uterus through a bloody discharge that passes through the vagina to the outside of the body
myometrium
the muscular layer of the wall of the uterus
ovary
one of a pair of female glands responsible for producing mature ova and releasing them at monthly intevals also responsible for producing the female hormones estrogen and progesterone
ovulation
the release of the mature ovum from the ovary occuring approximately 14 days prior to the beginning of menses
ovum
female reproductive cell
perineum
the area between the scrotum and the anus in the male or between the vaginal orifice and the anus in the female
pregnancy
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premenstrual syndrome
a group of symptoms that include irritability fluid retention tenderness of the breasts and a general feeling of depression occurring shortly before the onset of menstruation
progesterone
a female hormone secreted by the ovaries
puberty
the period of life at which the ability to reproduce begins that is in the female it is the period when the female reproductive organs reproduce
sperm
a mature male germ cell
uterus
a hollow pear shaped organ of a female reproductive system that houses the fertilized implanted ovum as it develops through out pregnancy also the source of the monthly menstrual flow from the non pregnant uterus
vagina
the muscular tube that connects the uterus with the vulva it is about 3 inches in length and rest between the bladder and the rectum
vulva
the external genitalia that consists of the mons pubis labia majoria clitoris labia minora vestibule urinary meatus vaginal orifice, bartholins glands and the perineum
amenorrhea
absence of menstrual flow
dysmenorrhea
painful menstrual flow
menorrhagia
abnormally long or very heavy menstrual periods
metrorrhagia
uterine bleeding at times other than the menstrual period
oligomenorrhea
abnormally light or infrequent menstruation
abstinence
means to abstain from having vaginal intercourse
oral contraceptives
birth control pills contain synthetic forms of the hormones estrogen and progesterone and are taken daily by mouth
depo-provera injection
is an injectable form contraception administered intramuscularly approximately every 12 weeks
tubal ligation
the surgical cutting and tying of the fallopian tubes to prevent passage of ova or sperm through the tubes consequently preventing pregnancy
cervicitis
an acute or chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix
cystocele
herniation or downward protrusion of the urinary bladder through the wall of the vagina
endometral carcinoma
malignant tumor of the inner lining of the uterus
endometriosis
the presence and growth of endometrial tissue in the areas outside the endometrium
fibrocystic breast disease
the presence of single or multiple cysts that are palpable in the breasts
fibroid tumor
benign, fibrous tumor of the uterus
ovarian carcinoma
malignant tumor of the ovaries most commonly occurring in women in theirs s , it is rarely detected in the early stage and is usually far advanced when diagnose
ovarian cysts
benign, globular sacs that form on or near the ovaries
pelvic inflammatory disease
infection of the fallopian tubes
salpingitis
inflammation of the fallopian tubes
stress incontinence urinary
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vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina and the vulva
aspiration biopsy
an invasive procedure in which a needle is inserted into and area of the body such as the breast to withdraw a tissue or fluid sample for microscopic examination and diagnosis
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina and cervix with a colposcope
cone biopsy
surgical removal of a cone-shaped segment of the cervix for diagnosis or treatment also known as a conization
cryosurgery
a noninvasive treatment that uses subfreezing temperature to freeze and destroy tissue, coolants such a liquid nitrogen and are used in the metal probe
culdocentesis
needle aspiration through the vagina into the cul de sac are for the purpose of removing fluid from the area for examination or diagnosis
dilation and curettage
widening of the cervical canal with a dilator followed by scraping of the uterine lining with a curet
endometrial biopsy
an invasive test for obtaining a sample of endometrial tissue with a small curet for examination
laparoscopy
the process of viewing the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope
mammography
the process of examining with xray the soft tissue of the breast to detect various benign and or malignant growths before they can be felt
papanicolaou smear
diagnostic test for cervical cancer that is , microscopic examination cells scraped within the cervix from around the cervix and from the posterior part of the vagina to test for cervical cancer (pap test)
liquid bases pap
a process of collecting a tissue sample from the endocervix and the exocervix with a sampling device that is placed directly into a liquid fixative instead of being spread onto a glass slide, this process provides immediate fixation and improves specimen
pelvic ultrasound
a non invasive procedure that uses high frequency sound waves to examine the abdomen and pelvis