Ankylosis
the loss, or absence, of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure
Bursitis
inflammation of a bursa
Chondromalacia
abnormal softening of cartilage
Chondroma
slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells
Costochondritis
inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum
Synovitis
inflammation of the synovial membrane that results in swelling and pain of the affected joint
Dislocation
the total displacement of a bone from its joint
Subluxation
the partial displacement of a bone from its joint
Arthritis
inflammatory condition of one or more joints
Rheumatism
obsolete term for arthritis
Osteoarthritis
wear and tear arthritis commonly associated with aging
Gouty arthritis
gout, a type of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid in joints
Uric Acid
a byproduct that is normally excreted by the kidneys
Ankylosing spondylitis
form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune disorder that affects children aged 16 years or less with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue
Compression fracture
occurs when the bone is pressed together (compressed) on itself
Colles' fracture
fractured wrist this fracture occurs at the lower end of the radius when a person tries to stop a fall by landing on his or her hands
Osteoporotic hip fracture
broken hip usually caused by weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur either spontaneously or as the result of a fall
Fracture
broken bone
Closed Fracture
simple fracture is one in which the bone is broken, but there is no open wound in the skin
Open fracture
the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin
Comminuted fracture
the bone is splintered or crushed
Greenstick fracture
the bone is bent and only partially broken
Oblique fracture
occurs at an angle across the bone
Pathologic fracture
occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain due to bones being weakened by osteoporosis
Spiral Fracture
a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart
Stress fracture
an overuse injury, is a small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive impact
Transverse fracture
occurs straight across the bone
Craniostenosis
malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures
Osteonecrosis
the death of bone tissue due to a lack of insufficient blood supply
Short stature
dwarfism a condition resulting from the failure of the bones of the limbs to grow to an appropriate length (no taller than 4'10)
Talipes
clubfoot describes any congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus
Osteoporosis
marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging
Osteopenia
thinner than average bone density in a young person
Arthrolysis
the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint
Chondroplasty
the surgical repair of damaged cartilage
Craniectomy
the surgical removal of a portion of the skull
Craniotomy
surgical incision or opening into the skull
Osteorrhaphy
the surgical suturing, or wiring together, of bones