respiratory system organs
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs
three part process of respiration
ventilation, external respiration, and internal respiration
ventilation
the flow of air between the outside environment and the lungs
inhalation
� inspiration
� the flow of air into the lungs which brings fresh oxygen int the air sacs
exhalation
� expiration
� the flow of air out of the lungs which removes carbon dioxide from the body
inspiration
inhalation
expiration
exhalation
external respiration
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide that takes place in the lungs
internal respiration
the process of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange at the cellular level when oxygen leaves the bloodstream and is delivered to the tissues; carbon dioxide enters the bloodstream from the tissues and is transported back to the lungs for disposal
nares
the two external opening in the nose
nasal septum
a cartilaginous plate that divides the nasal cavity
palate
the roof of the mouth separates that nasal cavity above from the mouth below
mucous membrane
in the respiratory system: covers respiratory tract and help cleanse the air by trapping dust and bacteria; moisturizes inhaled air
cilia
in the respiratory system: very small hairs that line the opening to the nose and much of the airways which filter out large dirt particles before they can enter the lungs
paranasal sinuses
air-filed cavities located within the facial bones that act as an echo chamber during sound production and five resonance to the voice
pharynx
� the throat
� used by both the respiratory and digestive systems
� about 5 inches long and consists of three parts: the upper nasopharynx, middle oropharynx, and lower laryngopharynx
trachea
windpipe
nasopharynx
� upper portion of the pharynx
� consists of pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids), eustachian (auditory) tube, hard palate, soft palate
oropharynx
� middle portion of pharynx
� consist of palatine tonsils, lingual tonsils, tongue
laryngopharynx
� lower portion of pharynx
� consist of epiglottis, vocal cords
larynx
� voice box
� muscular structure located between the pharynx and the trachea and contains the vocal cords