urology
the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the urinary tract or urogenital system
urologist
one who specializes in the study of urinary system and the male reproductive system
nephrologist
specializing in the diagnosis and management of kidney disease
nephrology
study of kidney disease
homeostasis
metabolic equilibrium actively maintained by several complex biological mechanisms that operate via the autonomic nervous system to offset disrupting changes
reabsorption
essential substances being reabsorbed into the blood stream
cyst/o
bladder
vesic/o
bladder
glomerul/o
glomerulus
meat/o
opening, meatus
nephr/o, ren/o
kidney
pyel/o
renal pelvis
ur/o, urin/o
urine, urinary tract
ureter/o
ureter
urethr/o
urethra
-emia
blood condition
-pexy
fixation
-iasis
abnormal condition caused by something specific
-pathy
disease
-ptosis
prolapse, downward placement
-uria
urine
-tripsy
crushing
uremia
excessive urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood
vesicocele
hernial protrusion of the urinary bladder
nephroma
tumor of the kidney
renal
pertaining to the kidney
pyelolasty
surgical repair of the renal pelvis
urinary
pertaining to urine or formation of urine, also refers to urinary tract
ureterostenosis
narrowing or stricture of a ureter
urethrocele
hernial protrusion of the urethra
lithiasis
abnormal condition of stones or calculi
calculi
single form of calculus
azotemia
excessive amt of nitrogenous compounds in the blood
dialysis
process of removing toxic waste from the blood when kidneys are unable to do so
nephropathy
kidney disease
nephropexy
surgical procedure to affix a displaced kidney
nephroptosis
downward placement of or a dropped kidney
polyuria
excessive urination
renal cortex
outer layer of kidney
renal medulla
inner region of kidney
blood enters the kidneys through the...
renal artery
blood leaves the kidneys through the...
renal vein
arterioles
small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
nephron
any of the small tubules that are the excretory units of the vertebrate kidney, microscopic functional units of the kidney, comprised of kidney cells and capillaries, each capable of forming urine
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the glomerulus of the kidney
hyper tension
high blood pressure
renal hyper tension
high blood pressure due to kidney disease
protein uria
chronic loss of protein in the urine
diuretic
agents or drugs that stimulate the flow of urine, used to control edema
nephroptosis
prolapsed kidney
ureters
transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
ureterectasis
dilation of the ureter
ureterolithiasis
abnormal condition (produced by something specific) of a ureter(al) stone
ureterolithotomy
incision of a ureter to remove a stone
ureterocystoscope
a special instrument for examining the ureter and bladder
ureterdynia, ureteralgia
ureter pain
vesicoenteric
pertaining to the bladder and intestines
radi/o
radiation, x-ray, radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
UTI
urinary tract infection
lumen
tubular space within a structure
urethrocystitis
inflammation of the urethra and bladder
malignant
cancerous
benign
noncancerous
adenodynia
pain in a gland
aden/o
gland
glomerulus, glomeruli
a tiny ball of coiled, intertwined capillaries and a collecting tubule
collecting tubule
conveys newly formed urine to the renal pelvis where it is excreted by the kidneys
Bowman capsule
the capsule that surrounds the glomerulus
olig/o
scant, diminished
oliguria
diminished capacity to pass urine
KUB
kidney, ureter, bladder
IVP
intravenouspyelography; in which a contrast medium is injected within a vein
intravenous
within a vein
-gram
record
retrograde pyelography (RP)
pyelography in which a contrast medium is injected into the urethra
hydronephrosis
when calculi obstruction causes cessation of urine flow
pyuria
pus in the urine, excessive number of white blood cells in urine
hematuria
blood in urine
oliguria
scanty urination
polyuria
excessive urination
uremia
increase in concentration of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood
azoturia
increase in concentration of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood
nocturia
urination at night
incontinence
uncontrolled loss of urine
continence
the ability to control defecation and urination
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
ARF
acute renal failure - any condition that impairs blood flow to the kidneys may result in ARF
BNO
bladder neck obstruction
BPH
benign prostatic hyperplasia, benign prostatic hypertrophy
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
CRF
chronic renal failure
cysto
cystoscopy
DRE
digital rectal examination
ED
erectile disfunction, emergency department
ESRD
end-stage renal disease
EU
excretory urography
IVU
intravenous urogram, intravenous urography
PKD
polycystic kidney disease
PSA
prostate-specific antigen
RP
retrograde pyelography
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
UA
urinalysis
VCUG
voiding cystourethrogram, voiding cysturethrography
diuresis
increased formation and secretion of urine
dysuria
painful or difficult urination
enuresis
invol control of urination after age at which bladder control should be established
hyopspadias
abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
interstitial nephritis
pathological changes to the interstitial tissue of the kidney that may be primary or due to a toxic agent
Wilms tumor
malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children, primarily before the age of 5
catheterization
insertion of a catheter into a body cavity or organ to instill a substance or remove fluid
voiding cystourethrography
radiography of bladder & urethra after filling bladder with a contrast medium and during the process of voiding urine
dialysis
mechanical filtering process to clean blood when the kidneys are unable to do so
hemodialysis
process of removing excess fluids and toxins from the blood by continually shunting/diverting the patients blood from the body into a dialysis machine for filtering
peritoneal dialysis
dialysis in which the patient's own peritoneum is used as the dialyzing membrane
renal transplantation
kidney transplant
asymptomatic
having no symptoms of illness or disease
auscultation
listening to sounds within the body
basal cell carcinoma
Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules.
benign prostate hypertrophy
Abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland often found in men between 50-70; more frequent urination, difficult to stop or maintain urine flow. Pain during urination.
bruits
abnormal swishing sounds heard over organs, glands or arteries
colectomy
excision of the colon
distended
abnormally distended especially by fluids or gas
dysuria
painful or difficult urination
frequency
the number of observations in a given statistical category
hydrocele
disorder in which serous fluid accumulates in a body sac (especially in the scrotum)
impotence
inability of an adult male to achieve an erection
inguinal hernia
protrusion of a loop of the intestine through layers of the abdominal wall in the inguinal region
normocephalic
a medical term referring to a person whose head and all major organs of the head are in a normal condition and without significant abnormalities.
palpable
can be felt by palpation
pneumothorax
abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung
transurethral
pertaining to through the urethra