Eye and Ear

auditory canal

Channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum

auditory meatus

Auditory canal.

auditory nerve fibers

Carry impulses from the middle ear and the nasopharynx; eustachian tube.

auricle

Flap of ear, the protruding part of the external ear, or the pinna.

cerumen

Waxy substance secreted by the external ear, also called earwax.

cochlea

Snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear, contains hearing-sensitive receptors.

endolymph

Fluid within the labyrinth of the inner ear.

eustachian tube

Auditory tube.

incus

Second ossicle (bone) of the middle ear; incus means anvil.

labyrinth

Maze-like series of canals of the inner ear. This includes the cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals.

malleus

First ossicle of the middle ear, malleus means hammer.

organ of Corti

Sensitive auditory receptor area found in the cochlea of the inner ear.

ossicle

Small gone of the ear; includes malleus, incus, and stapes.

oval window

Membrane between the middle ear and the inner ear.

perilymph

Fluid contained in the labyrinth of the inner ear.

pinna

Auricle; flap of the ear.

semicircular canals

Passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium.

stapes

Third ossicle of the middle ear. Stapes means stirrup.

tympanic membrane

Membrane between the outer ear and the middle ear; also called the eardrum.

vestibule

Central cavity of the labyrinth, connecting the semicircular canals and the cochlea. The vestibule contains two structures, the saccule and utricle, that help maintain equilibrium.

acoustic neuroma

Benign tumor arising from the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve in the brain.

cholesteatoma

Collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac within the middle ear.

deafness

Loss of the ability to hear.

Meniere disease

Disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear, elevated endolymph pressure within the cochlea and semicircular canals.

otitis media

Inflammation of the middle ear.

otoscerlosis

Hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear.

tinnitus

Sensation of noises in the ears. (Ringing, buzzing, booming, whistling.)

vertigo

Sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects.

audiometry

Testing the sense of hearing.

cochlear implant

Surgically implanted device allowing sensorineural hearing-impaired persons to understand speech.

ear thermometry

Measurement of the temperature of the tympanic membrane by detection of infrared radiation from the eardrum.

otoscopy

Visual examination of the ear with an otoscope.

tuning fork test

Test of ear conduction using a vibration source.

Ear

Ot/o
Auricul/o
Aur/o

Two Actions:

1) Hearing
2) Equilibrium or balance
--Sound perceived within nerve fibers or cerebral cortex

3 separate regions of the Ear:

1) Outer Ear
2) Middle Ear
3) Inner Ear

Outer Ear

-Auricle (pinna)
---Auditory Canal (external auditory meatus) -> produces
cerumen

Cerumen

Ear wax which lubricates and proctects

Middle Ear

-Tympanic membrane: myring/o; tympan/o
-*Ossicles (3 small bones): Conduct sound waves
-*Malleus, Incus, Stapes
----*Oval window: stapes touches during movement; separates middle and inner ear
-Eustachian tube: salping/o
---"pressure control"
---Normally

Eardrum

myring/o
tympan/o

Eustachian tube

salping/o = Auditory tube)

Inner Ear

AKA:
Labyrinth
- circular, maze-like
Cochlea
= snail shaped, cochle/o
---perilymph
---endolymph
---Helps vibrations travel through fluid
Organ of Corti
=
sensitive auditory area
---Tiny hair cells, vibrations from auditory liquids, relay sound waves to au

Vestibule

vestibul/o
(Inner Ear)
Connects cochlea (hearing) to semicircular canals (balance)

Semicircular canals

(Inner Ear)
Maintain equilibrium
, respond to movement of head
-Endolymph (fluid), hair cells (sensitive), saccule and utricle (membranous sacs) <-- help aide in equilibrium