CH 6: Digestive System (with quiz questions)

tongue

gloss/o

mouth

or/o

gums

gingiv/o

teeth

odont/o

throat

pharyng/o

bile vessel

cholangi/o

stomach

gastr/o

gallbladder

cholecyst/o

liver

hepat/o

intestine (usually small)

enter/o

bile, gall

chol/e

anus, rectum

proct/o

Enlarged, twisted varicose vein in the rectal region

hemorrhoid

Circumscribed lesion of the skin or mucous membrane

ulcer

Protrusion of any organ or structure through the wall of the cavity in which it is naturally contained

hernia

Yellowing of the skin caused by hepatitis

jaundice

Pouch-like herniations through the wall of the large intestine

diverticulosis

Lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat

anorexia

Accumulation of serous fluid in the abdomen caused by a disease

ascites

Gurgling noises caused by passage of gas through the intestine that are audible with a stethoscope

borborygmus

Chronic inflammation, usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract

Chrohn disease

Inflammation of the intestine caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, or parasites that results in bloody diarrhea

dysentery

Epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion

dyspepsia

Abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

anastomosis

Presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct

cholelithiasis

Visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument

endoscopy

Radiographic examination of the rectum and colon following enema administration of a contrast medium into the rectum

barium enema

Radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of a contrast medium

barium swallow

Noninvasive procedure to eliminate calculi in the gallbladder or bladder

lithotripsy

All of the following are part of the small intestine EXCEPT?
a. cecum
b. ileum
c. duodenum
d. jejunum
e. all of the above

a. cecum

What is the term that describes a passage of stools containing bright red blood?
a. hematoma
b. toxemia
c. hematoblast
d. hematochezia
e. hemolysis

d. hematochezia

Where is bile produced?
a. stomach
b. salivary glands
c. pancreas
d. liver
e. gallbladder

d. liver

Which of the following specialists is correctly matched with the procedures they perform?
a. periodontist�straightens teeth
b. gastrologist�treats gingivitis
c. cardiologist�treats muscular disorders
d. orthodontist�treats tooth pain
e. enterologist�treat

e. enterologist�treats diseases of the intestinal tract

Name the condition in which there is an excessive flow of saliva.
a. gastrorrhea
b. sialorrhea
c. diarrhea
d. cholemesis
e. hyperemesis

b. sialorrhea

During digestion, the gallbladder releases bile into the:
a. stomach
b. small intestine
c. colon
d. liver
e. pancreas

b. small intestine

What are the two forms of inflammatory bowel disease?
a. irritable bowel syndrome
b. ulcerative colitis
c. Crohn disease
d. A and B only
e. B and C only

e. B and C only
(b. ulcerative colitis
- AND -
c. Crohn disease)

A gastroscopy is performed with a( n ):
a. sigmoidoscope
b. flexible, fiberoptic scope
c. colonoscope
d. fluoroscopic scope
e. esophagoscope

b. flexible, fiberoptic scope

Intestinal disorder of the colon characterized by diarrhea and abdominal cramps is:
a. hematochezia
b. enteropathy
c. dysentery
d. colonic polyposis
e. both C and D

c. dysentery

Crohn disease is a bowel disorder that is also known as:
a. diarrhea
b. volvulus
c. ischemia
d. melena
e. regional ileitis

e. regional ileitis

All of the following are salivary glands EXCEPT:
a. sublingual glands
b. submandibular glands
c. lingual glands
d. parotid glands
e. C and D

c. lingual glands

What is the term that means stricture or narrowing of the rectum?
a. rectodynia
b. rectoplasty
c. rectospasm
d. rectopexy
e. rectostenosis

e. rectostenosis

The medical word for accumulation of serous fluids in the abdominal cavity is:
a. flatus
b. anorexia
c. ascites
d. bulimia
e. edema

c. ascites

The pear-shaped, sac-like organ that serves as a reservoir for bile is the:
a. liver
b. pancreas
c. gallbladder
d. spleen
e. duodenum

c. gallbladder

Acute gastritis or peptic ulcer may result in:
a. diarrhea
b. sialorrhea
c. hyperemesis
d. cholemesis
e. hematemesis

e. hematemesis

Dysphagia results from a problem connected with the:
a. esophagus
b. stomach
c. small intestine
d. colon
e. rectum

a. esophagus

A cholelith is a:
a. pancreatic stone
b. liver stone
c. salivary stone
d. gallstone
e. stomach stone

d. gallstone

Which of the following pairs of glands or organs is incorrectly matched with its secretion?
a. parotid gland�saliva
b. pancreas�insulin
c. liver�bile
d. gallbladder�chyme
e. stomach�gastric juices

d. gallbladder�chyme

Which of the following diseases could result from contact with infected blood?
a. Crohn disease
b. pancreatitis
c. hematemesis
d. hepatitis B
e. mycosis

d. hepatitis B

What diagnostic test is performed on feces to detect the presence of "hidden" blood not apparent on visual inspection?
a. fecal blood test
b. stool guaiac test
c. hemoccult test
d. barium enema test
e. both B and C

e. both B and C
(c. hemoccult test
- AND -
d. barium enema test)

Surgical procedure to treat morbid obesity is:
a. gastrectomy
b. vertical banded gastroplasty
c. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
d. both A and B
e. both B and C

e. both B and C
(b. vertical banded gastroplasty
- AND -
c. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass)

Linguogingival means pertaining to:
a. the tongue and salivary glands
b. the salivary glands and the gums
c. the teeth and the tongue
d. the tongue and the gums
e. the teeth and the gums

d. the tongue and the gums

Protrusion of an organ through its natural wall is known as:
a. a reflux
b. a perforation
c. a volvulus
d. diverticulosis
e. a hernia

e. a hernia

What is the name of the small tumor-like, benign growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface?
a. lesion
b. polyp
c. wart
d. ulcer
e. ileus

b. polyp

Structure that has both respiratory and digestive functions:
a. tongue
b. uvula
c. trachea
d. esophagus
e. pharynx

e. pharynx

What is the term that means loss of appetite:
a. bulimia
b. anorexia
c. ascites
d. obstipation
e. aerophagia

b. anorexia

Suture of the second portion of the small intestine is known as:
a. enterorrhaphy
b. ileorrhaphy
c. duodenorrhaphy
d. jejunorrhaphy
e. both A and B

d. jejunorrhaphy

Structure that carries bile from the liver to the duodenum:
a. lymph duct
b. hepatic duct
c. common bile duct
d. pancreatic duct
e. cystic duct

c. common bile duct

The suffix -prandial means:
a. enlargement
b. meal
c. vomit
d. gall
e. expansion

b. meal

Backflow (reflux) of gastric contents into esophagus due to malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter is called:
a. hematemesis
b. dyspesia
c. LES
d. GERD
e. all of the above

d. GERD (gastroesophageal reflux syndrome)

Jaundice is caused by excessive levels of:
a. saliva
b. chyme
c. gastric acid
d. insulin
e. bilirubin

e. bilirubin

Structural abnormalities of the esophagus may be diagnosed by use of:
a. upper GI series
b. barium swallow
c. barium enema
d. both A and B
e. all of the above

d. both A and B
(a. upper GI series
- AND -
b. barium swallow)

Abnormal tube-like passage from one organ to another, or from one organ to the surface is a( n ):
a. anastomosis
b. fistula
c. volvulus
d. hemorrhoid
e. stenosis

b. fistula

Where does the mechanical process of digestion begin?
a. mouth
b. esophagus
c. stomach
d. small intestine
e. large intestine

a. mouth

Bleeding of the gums is a primary symptom of:
a. gingivitis
b. sialitis
c. esophagitis
d. stomatitis
e. periodontitis

a. gingivitis

What does dyspepsia refer to?
a. frequent digestion
b. rapid digestion
c. abnormally slow digestion
d. normal digestion
e. indigestion

e. indigestion

The section of the large intestine associated with the appendix is the:
a. colon
b. cecum
c. rectum
d. anus
e. sigmoid colon

b. cecum

Name an accessory organ of digestion.
a. stomach
b. colon
c. ileum
d. liver
e. spleen

d. liver

What is the pathological condition in which there are bulging pouches in the GI tract?
a. Crohn disease
b. diverticular disease
c. colonic polyposis
d. inflammatory bowel disease
e. volvulus

b. diverticular disease

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is also known as:
a. borborygmus
b. spastic colon
c. colonalgia
d. colonic irrigation
e. coloptosis

b. spastic colon

What diagnostic procedure is used to examine anus and rectum?
a. sigmoidoscopy
b. colonoscopy
c. enteroscopy
d. coloscopy
e. proctoscopy

e. proctoscopy

Which of the following statements regarding anatomical position is true?
a. The esophagus is inferior to the stomach.
b. The stomach is superior to the duodenum.
c. The rectum is inferior to the anus.
d. The jejunum is inferior to the ileum.
e. The duoden

b. The stomach is superior to the duodenum

All of the following are parts of the colon EXCEPT:
a. ascending
b. descending
c. sigmoid
d. transverse
e. all of the above

All of the following are parts of the colon:
a. ascending
b. descending
c. sigmoid
d. transverse

What is the imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce an image of the liver, gallbladder, or pancreas?
a. magnetic resonance imaging
b. CT scan
c. radiograph
d. ultrasonography
e. nuclear scan

d. ultrasonography

A twisting of the bowel upon itself, causing obstruction is a disorder known as:
a. fistula
b. constipation
c. volvulus
d. IBD
e. Crohn disease

c. volvulus

tongue

gloss/o

mouth

or/o

gums

gingiv/o

teeth

odont/o

throat

pharyng/o

bile vessel

cholangi/o

stomach

gastr/o

gallbladder

cholecyst/o

liver

hepat/o

intestine (usually small)

enter/o

bile, gall

chol/e

anus, rectum

proct/o

Enlarged, twisted varicose vein in the rectal region

hemorrhoid

Circumscribed lesion of the skin or mucous membrane

ulcer

Protrusion of any organ or structure through the wall of the cavity in which it is naturally contained

hernia

Yellowing of the skin caused by hepatitis

jaundice

Pouch-like herniations through the wall of the large intestine

diverticulosis

Lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat

anorexia

Accumulation of serous fluid in the abdomen caused by a disease

ascites

Gurgling noises caused by passage of gas through the intestine that are audible with a stethoscope

borborygmus

Chronic inflammation, usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract

Chrohn disease

Inflammation of the intestine caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, or parasites that results in bloody diarrhea

dysentery

Epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion

dyspepsia

Abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

anastomosis

Presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct

cholelithiasis

Visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument

endoscopy

Radiographic examination of the rectum and colon following enema administration of a contrast medium into the rectum

barium enema

Radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of a contrast medium

barium swallow

Noninvasive procedure to eliminate calculi in the gallbladder or bladder

lithotripsy

All of the following are part of the small intestine EXCEPT?
a. cecum
b. ileum
c. duodenum
d. jejunum
e. all of the above

a. cecum

What is the term that describes a passage of stools containing bright red blood?
a. hematoma
b. toxemia
c. hematoblast
d. hematochezia
e. hemolysis

d. hematochezia

Where is bile produced?
a. stomach
b. salivary glands
c. pancreas
d. liver
e. gallbladder

d. liver

Which of the following specialists is correctly matched with the procedures they perform?
a. periodontist�straightens teeth
b. gastrologist�treats gingivitis
c. cardiologist�treats muscular disorders
d. orthodontist�treats tooth pain
e. enterologist�treat

e. enterologist�treats diseases of the intestinal tract

Name the condition in which there is an excessive flow of saliva.
a. gastrorrhea
b. sialorrhea
c. diarrhea
d. cholemesis
e. hyperemesis

b. sialorrhea

During digestion, the gallbladder releases bile into the:
a. stomach
b. small intestine
c. colon
d. liver
e. pancreas

b. small intestine

What are the two forms of inflammatory bowel disease?
a. irritable bowel syndrome
b. ulcerative colitis
c. Crohn disease
d. A and B only
e. B and C only

e. B and C only
(b. ulcerative colitis
- AND -
c. Crohn disease)

A gastroscopy is performed with a( n ):
a. sigmoidoscope
b. flexible, fiberoptic scope
c. colonoscope
d. fluoroscopic scope
e. esophagoscope

b. flexible, fiberoptic scope

Intestinal disorder of the colon characterized by diarrhea and abdominal cramps is:
a. hematochezia
b. enteropathy
c. dysentery
d. colonic polyposis
e. both C and D

c. dysentery

Crohn disease is a bowel disorder that is also known as:
a. diarrhea
b. volvulus
c. ischemia
d. melena
e. regional ileitis

e. regional ileitis

All of the following are salivary glands EXCEPT:
a. sublingual glands
b. submandibular glands
c. lingual glands
d. parotid glands
e. C and D

c. lingual glands

What is the term that means stricture or narrowing of the rectum?
a. rectodynia
b. rectoplasty
c. rectospasm
d. rectopexy
e. rectostenosis

e. rectostenosis

The medical word for accumulation of serous fluids in the abdominal cavity is:
a. flatus
b. anorexia
c. ascites
d. bulimia
e. edema

c. ascites

The pear-shaped, sac-like organ that serves as a reservoir for bile is the:
a. liver
b. pancreas
c. gallbladder
d. spleen
e. duodenum

c. gallbladder

Acute gastritis or peptic ulcer may result in:
a. diarrhea
b. sialorrhea
c. hyperemesis
d. cholemesis
e. hematemesis

e. hematemesis

Dysphagia results from a problem connected with the:
a. esophagus
b. stomach
c. small intestine
d. colon
e. rectum

a. esophagus

A cholelith is a:
a. pancreatic stone
b. liver stone
c. salivary stone
d. gallstone
e. stomach stone

d. gallstone

Which of the following pairs of glands or organs is incorrectly matched with its secretion?
a. parotid gland�saliva
b. pancreas�insulin
c. liver�bile
d. gallbladder�chyme
e. stomach�gastric juices

d. gallbladder�chyme

Which of the following diseases could result from contact with infected blood?
a. Crohn disease
b. pancreatitis
c. hematemesis
d. hepatitis B
e. mycosis

d. hepatitis B

What diagnostic test is performed on feces to detect the presence of "hidden" blood not apparent on visual inspection?
a. fecal blood test
b. stool guaiac test
c. hemoccult test
d. barium enema test
e. both B and C

e. both B and C
(c. hemoccult test
- AND -
d. barium enema test)

Surgical procedure to treat morbid obesity is:
a. gastrectomy
b. vertical banded gastroplasty
c. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
d. both A and B
e. both B and C

e. both B and C
(b. vertical banded gastroplasty
- AND -
c. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass)

Linguogingival means pertaining to:
a. the tongue and salivary glands
b. the salivary glands and the gums
c. the teeth and the tongue
d. the tongue and the gums
e. the teeth and the gums

d. the tongue and the gums

Protrusion of an organ through its natural wall is known as:
a. a reflux
b. a perforation
c. a volvulus
d. diverticulosis
e. a hernia

e. a hernia

What is the name of the small tumor-like, benign growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface?
a. lesion
b. polyp
c. wart
d. ulcer
e. ileus

b. polyp

Structure that has both respiratory and digestive functions:
a. tongue
b. uvula
c. trachea
d. esophagus
e. pharynx

e. pharynx

What is the term that means loss of appetite:
a. bulimia
b. anorexia
c. ascites
d. obstipation
e. aerophagia

b. anorexia

Suture of the second portion of the small intestine is known as:
a. enterorrhaphy
b. ileorrhaphy
c. duodenorrhaphy
d. jejunorrhaphy
e. both A and B

d. jejunorrhaphy

Structure that carries bile from the liver to the duodenum:
a. lymph duct
b. hepatic duct
c. common bile duct
d. pancreatic duct
e. cystic duct

c. common bile duct

The suffix -prandial means:
a. enlargement
b. meal
c. vomit
d. gall
e. expansion

b. meal

Backflow (reflux) of gastric contents into esophagus due to malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter is called:
a. hematemesis
b. dyspesia
c. LES
d. GERD
e. all of the above

d. GERD (gastroesophageal reflux syndrome)

Jaundice is caused by excessive levels of:
a. saliva
b. chyme
c. gastric acid
d. insulin
e. bilirubin

e. bilirubin

Structural abnormalities of the esophagus may be diagnosed by use of:
a. upper GI series
b. barium swallow
c. barium enema
d. both A and B
e. all of the above

d. both A and B
(a. upper GI series
- AND -
b. barium swallow)

Abnormal tube-like passage from one organ to another, or from one organ to the surface is a( n ):
a. anastomosis
b. fistula
c. volvulus
d. hemorrhoid
e. stenosis

b. fistula

Where does the mechanical process of digestion begin?
a. mouth
b. esophagus
c. stomach
d. small intestine
e. large intestine

a. mouth

Bleeding of the gums is a primary symptom of:
a. gingivitis
b. sialitis
c. esophagitis
d. stomatitis
e. periodontitis

a. gingivitis

What does dyspepsia refer to?
a. frequent digestion
b. rapid digestion
c. abnormally slow digestion
d. normal digestion
e. indigestion

e. indigestion

The section of the large intestine associated with the appendix is the:
a. colon
b. cecum
c. rectum
d. anus
e. sigmoid colon

b. cecum

Name an accessory organ of digestion.
a. stomach
b. colon
c. ileum
d. liver
e. spleen

d. liver

What is the pathological condition in which there are bulging pouches in the GI tract?
a. Crohn disease
b. diverticular disease
c. colonic polyposis
d. inflammatory bowel disease
e. volvulus

b. diverticular disease

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is also known as:
a. borborygmus
b. spastic colon
c. colonalgia
d. colonic irrigation
e. coloptosis

b. spastic colon

What diagnostic procedure is used to examine anus and rectum?
a. sigmoidoscopy
b. colonoscopy
c. enteroscopy
d. coloscopy
e. proctoscopy

e. proctoscopy

Which of the following statements regarding anatomical position is true?
a. The esophagus is inferior to the stomach.
b. The stomach is superior to the duodenum.
c. The rectum is inferior to the anus.
d. The jejunum is inferior to the ileum.
e. The duoden

b. The stomach is superior to the duodenum

All of the following are parts of the colon EXCEPT:
a. ascending
b. descending
c. sigmoid
d. transverse
e. all of the above

All of the following are parts of the colon:
a. ascending
b. descending
c. sigmoid
d. transverse

What is the imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce an image of the liver, gallbladder, or pancreas?
a. magnetic resonance imaging
b. CT scan
c. radiograph
d. ultrasonography
e. nuclear scan

d. ultrasonography

A twisting of the bowel upon itself, causing obstruction is a disorder known as:
a. fistula
b. constipation
c. volvulus
d. IBD
e. Crohn disease

c. volvulus