enlargement and thickening of the bones of the face and jaw
acromegaly
abnormal secretion of large amounts of urine
diuresis
simple sugar that is the end product of carbohydrate digestion
glucose
multisystemic autoimmune disorder characterized by pronounced hyperthyroidism, usually associated with an enlarged thyroid gland and exophthalmos
graves disease
excessive amounts of potassium in the blood
hyperkalemia
abnormal increase of fat cells, mainly in the viscera and subcutaneous tissues of the body
obesity
medical crisis caused by the release of an increased amount of thyroid hormone into the bloodstream
thyroid storm
test that measures the concentration of thyroxine in a blood sample
protein-bound iodine
measures the body's ability to metabolize carbohydrates
glucose tolerance test
excision of a parathyroid gland
parathyroidectomy
used to treat type 1 diabetes
insulin
agents that stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin and increase the number of insulin receptor cells
oral antidiabetics
agents that replace hormones lost in adrenal insufficiency
corticosteroids
mineral salts (sodium, potassium, and calcium) that carry an electrical charge in a solution
electrolytes
state of equilibrium in the body
homeostasis
condition of low blood sodium
hyponatremia
greater than normal amount of glucose in the blood
hyperglycemia
pertaining to a condition without clear pathogenesis or a disease without a recognizable cause
idiopathic
hormone secreted by the ovaries that increases secretion of estrogen
follicle-stimulating hormone
hormone that promotes lactation
prolactin
gland associated with Addison disease
adrenal cortex
gland associated with the production of epinephrine hormone
adrenal medulla
excessive hair growth in unusual places, especially in women
hirsutism
small chromaffin cell tumor, usually located in the adrenal medulla
pheochromocytoma
excessive amounts of calcium in the blood
hypercalcemia
measures blood glucose levels in blood after a 12-hour fast
fasting blood glucose