Vocab 1 gov & constitution unit 1

Popular Sovereignty

A government in which the people rule by their own consent.

Federalism

A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

seperation of powers

dividing the powers of government among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches

Checks and Balances

used to keep the government from getting too powerful in one branch

Veto

Chief executive's power to reject a bill passed by a legislature

Impeach

To formally charge a public official with misconduct in office

Amendment

A change in, or addition to, a constitution or law

Virgina Plan

Supported by larger states and wanted seats based on population of states wanted a bicameral legislative branch

bicameral legislation

a lawmaking body made up of two chambers or parts

New Jersey Plan

A constitutional proposal that would have given each state one vote in a new congress

Great Compromise

1787; This compromise was between the large and small states of the colonies. The Great Compromise resolved that there would be representation by population in the House of Representatives, and equal representation would exist in the Senate. Each state, r

Three-Fifths Compromise

Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment)

enumerated powers

Powers given to the national government alone

reserved powers

Powers given to the state government alone

concurrent powers

Powers held jointly by the national and state governments.

Override

An action taken by Congress to reverse a presidential veto, requiring a two-thirds majority in each chamber.

appropriate

To allocate funds for spending

constituent

a person whom a member of Congress has been elected to represent

Bill

a proposed law

standing committee

a permanent committee that meets regularly.

select committee

A temporary legislative committee established for a limited time period and for a special purpose.

joint committee

A committee composed of members of both the House of Representatives and the Senate; such committees oversee the Library of Congress and conduct investigations.

conference committee

Committee appointed by the presiding officers of each chamber to adjust differences on a particular bill passed by each in different form.

Cabinet

A group of advisers to the president.

Judicial review

Allows the court to determine the constitutionality of laws

Due process

following established legal procedures

Bill of rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution

Commander in cheif

President's role as commander of the armed forces

Cheif of state

term for the President as the ceremonial head of the United States, the symbol of all the people of the nation

District courts

Lowest level of fed. courts, where fed. cases begin &trials are held (bank robbery, environmental violations, tax evasion)

Appellate court

court that generally reviews only findings of law made by lower courts

Supreme Court

Consists of nine justices, each appointed by the President and confirmed by Congress. Appointment is for life. Supreme Court exercises the power to determine constitutionality of statutes

Amendment 1

Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition

Amendment 2

Right to bear arms

Amendment 3

No quartering of soldiers

Amendment 4

No unreasonable searches and seizures

Amendment 5

Rights of the accused

Amendment 6

Right to a speedy and public trial

Amendment 7

trial by jury in civil cases

Amendment 8

No cruel and unusual punishment

Amendment 9

People's rights are not limited to those in the Constitution.

Amendment 10

Any rights not given to federal government are given to the states and people.