psychological disorder
deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
a psychological disorder characterized by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three symptoms: by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity
medical model
the view that psychological disorder are illnesses that can be diagnosed, treated and cured, often through treatment in a psychiatric hospital
DSM-IV-TR
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth edition, Text Revision which provides a widely used system of classifying psychological disorders
anxiety disorders
distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
generalized anxiety disorder
continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal for no apparent reason
panic disorder
an episode of intense dread accompanied by chest pain, dizziness, or choking. An escalation of the anxiety associated with generalized anxiety disorder
phobia
An anxiety disorder characterized by a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object or situation
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and insomnia lasting four weeks or more following a traumatic experience
post-traumatic growth
positive psychological changes that may result from dealing with extremely challenging circumstances
somatoform disorders
psychological problems in which there are symptoms of a physical disorder without a physical cause
conversion disorder
a rare somatoform disorder in which anxiety presumably is converted into a physical symptom such as blindness or paralysis
Hypochondriasis
A somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease
dissociative disorders
conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
dissociative identity disorder
a dissociative disorder in which a person develops two or more distinct and alternating personalities
mood disorders
characterized by emotional extremes
major depressive disorder
Mood disorder that occurs when a person exhibits the lethargy, feelings of worthlessness, or loss of interest in family, friends, and activities characteristic of depression for more than two week period and for no reason. Because of its frequency, depres
mania
The wildly optimistic, euphoric, hyper active state that alternates with depression in the bipolar disorder
bipolar disorder
Mood disorder in which a person alternates between depression and the euphoria of a manic state
Schizophrenia
The group of severe disorders who symptoms may include disorganized and delusional thinking, inappropriate emotions and actions, and disturbed perceptions
Delusions
False believes that often are symptoms of psychotic disorders
personality disorders
Inflexible and enduring maladaptive character traits that impair social functioning
antisocial personality disorder
Personality disorder in which the person is aggressive, ruthless, and shows no sign of a conscience that would inhibit wrongdoing
psychological disorder
deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional behavior patterns
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
a psychological disorder characterized by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three symptoms: by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity
medical model
the view that psychological disorder are illnesses that can be diagnosed, treated and cured, often through treatment in a psychiatric hospital
DSM-IV-TR
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth edition, Text Revision which provides a widely used system of classifying psychological disorders
anxiety disorders
distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
generalized anxiety disorder
continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal for no apparent reason
panic disorder
an episode of intense dread accompanied by chest pain, dizziness, or choking. An escalation of the anxiety associated with generalized anxiety disorder
phobia
An anxiety disorder characterized by a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object or situation
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and insomnia lasting four weeks or more following a traumatic experience
post-traumatic growth
positive psychological changes that may result from dealing with extremely challenging circumstances
somatoform disorders
psychological problems in which there are symptoms of a physical disorder without a physical cause
conversion disorder
a rare somatoform disorder in which anxiety presumably is converted into a physical symptom such as blindness or paralysis
Hypochondriasis
A somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease
dissociative disorders
conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
dissociative identity disorder
a dissociative disorder in which a person develops two or more distinct and alternating personalities
mood disorders
characterized by emotional extremes
major depressive disorder
Mood disorder that occurs when a person exhibits the lethargy, feelings of worthlessness, or loss of interest in family, friends, and activities characteristic of depression for more than two week period and for no reason. Because of its frequency, depres
mania
The wildly optimistic, euphoric, hyper active state that alternates with depression in the bipolar disorder
bipolar disorder
Mood disorder in which a person alternates between depression and the euphoria of a manic state
Schizophrenia
The group of severe disorders who symptoms may include disorganized and delusional thinking, inappropriate emotions and actions, and disturbed perceptions
Delusions
False believes that often are symptoms of psychotic disorders
personality disorders
Inflexible and enduring maladaptive character traits that impair social functioning
antisocial personality disorder
Personality disorder in which the person is aggressive, ruthless, and shows no sign of a conscience that would inhibit wrongdoing