The context of mass violence
Has a variety of social, psychological, physical. and economic consequence
The impact of mass violence can result in a range of severity from...
milf distress to functional impairments and psychopathology
Exposure to traumatic events increases rates of:
-acute stress disorder
-post traumatic stress disorder
- major depression
- panic disorder
- generalized anxiety disorder
- substance abuse
Likelihood of mal-adaptive outcomes is influenced by
- directness of exposure
- proximity to the trauma or threat
- duration of exposure
- premorbid functioning
- prior trauma exposure
Between 1983 and 2012 there have been ____ mass shootings that resulted in _____ deaths
- 78
- 547
Among the 78 mass shootings ______ were at shooter's workplace and the next largest proportion of shootings occurred at school
26
school shooting ins 1970's
#3
school shootings in 1980's
#5
school shootings in 1990's
#28
school shootings in 2000-2013
#39
Theoretical framework: mass violence
some families demonstrate resilience in the face of mass traumas. it helps to view resilience as a "Dynamic, context-driven" construct
two types of individual interaction effects can occur:
- an always-existing protective factor
- risk-activated protective factor
Family resilience framework is a
strength-based perspective
Family belief system
making meaning of adversity, positive outlook, transcendence, and spirituality
Organizational patterns
flexibility, contectedness, social/economic resources
Communications/ problem solving
clarity, open emotional expression, collaborative problem solving
factors that impeded resilience related to 9/11
- degree of exposure, presence at site, contact w/ a victim, and degree of watching the event on tv
- higher the viewing of the media the higher the trauma symptomology
- parental reactions were related to child behavior
Resilience and mass shootings
- individual capacities
- social solidarity
- secure attachment style provided strongest protection against ptsd and dissociative symptoms
organizational patterns
flexible roles to deal with new challenges
communication processes
clear, consistent messages with emotional support
Individuals and families have a wide variety of needs
- what resources and connections does the family have
- what is the family's belief system