Which of the following are NOT part of corporate school reform?
a. Promoting stronger state regulation and management of traditional public and charter schools
b. Advocating for traditional teacher certification requirements and stronger teacher unions
c.

f. Both a & b

What are the aims of advocates of corporate school reform, according to Saltman?
a. It is to transform public schooling in to an industry nationally by replacing public schools with privately managed charter schools, voucher schemes, and tax credit schola

a. It is to transform public schooling into an industry nationally by replacing public schools with privately managed charter schools, voucher schemes, and tax credit scholarships for private schooling.

Which major political party or parties have aggressively embraced corporate school reform or neoliberal education restructuring?
a. Green party
b. Libertarian Party
c. Democratic Party
d. Republican party
e. Both a and b
f. Both c and d
g. None of the abo

f. Both c & d

What is driving privatization of public education, according to Saltman?
a. Desire to promote and strengthen democratic education.
b. Desire to teach all students not only basic skills of reading, writing and arithmetic, but also to foster critical thinki

...

Are there indicators of the charter school movement is fostering privatization?
a. Yes. Fourteen educational management organizations (EMOs) control 70% of schools being managed for profits. EMOs manage schools mostly through contracts with charter school

A. Yes. Fourteen educational management organizations (EMOs) control 70% of schools being managed for profits. EMOs manage schools mostly through contracts with charter school operators (94%) rather than through school districts with school board members

What is the relationship between the for-profit education sector and the public education sector in the US?
a. The private sector is only involved in selling textbooks, standardized tests, and technology to public schools
b. The corporate sector has posit

b. The corporate sector has positioned public education, a roughly $600 billion per year industry, as ripe for takeover.

How do EMOs generate profits from schools they manage?
a. They pay their Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and other school managers lower salaries compared to traditional public schools
b. They cut teacher pay and educational resources
c. The amount of mon

b. They cut teacher pay and educational resources

How does neoliberal ideology view education?
a. It views education as a public good that serves a democratic society
b. It views education as essential to providing students with strong critical thinking skills that enable youth to questions existing soci

c. It views education as a private good that's primarily useful for preparing worker and consumers for the economy.

What is creative destruction?
a. It is a strategy promoters of corporate education use to replace public education with a privatized national system of schools competing for scarce public dollars where schools are declared a failure, go out of business an

d. All of the above

What was the City of Chicago's "Renaissance 2010" school reform?
a. It was a plan adopted in 2004 to raise $70 million in private donations from businesses, create 100 new "High Performing" mostly charter schools, and close "failing" schools. It was promo

a. It was a plan adopted in 2004 to raise $70 million in private donations from businesses, create 100 new "High Performing" mostly charter schools, and close "failing" schools. It was promoted and implemented by Arne Duncan, who would go on to serve as P

According to this influential business owner and philanthropist, "Our high schools are obsolete ... What I man is that ... even when they work exactly as designed, our high schools cannot tech our kids what they need to know... This is an economic disaste

e. Bill Gates

At what public schools are neoliberal declarations of a "failed system" of education deployed?
a. It is leveled explicitly against rich, predominantly white communities and public schools for which high levels of historical investment and the benefits of

b. It is leveled against the working class and the poor, predominantly nonwhite urban communities and schools. As such it misattributes educational inequalities and shortcomings to the public sector rather than the private sector and the ways in which the

According to Saltman, what are the consequences of subjugating the public purposes of public schooling to neoliberal activists' mission of restructuring schooling to make workers for the global economy?
a. It presumes the public interest is principally se

d. Both a & b

What affects do neoliberal corporate school reform have on the intellectual rigor of schools?
a. None.
b. Value-added assessment of students based on test score, the assault on teacher education, union-busting, and privatization are essentially prohibitio

d. Both b and c

What person "gave shape and direction to the curriculum field" in the early 1900s?
a. President Woodrow Wilson
b. John Franklin Bobbitt
c. Franklin Pierce
d. Horace Mann

b. John Franklin Bobbitt

What were core assumptions of Frederick Taylor's theory of scientific management?
a. Efficient production relied on the experience and knowledge of workers who have done specific jobs for a long period of time and having them train new employees.
b. Effic

b. Efficient production relied on managers' ability to gather all informant about the work they oversaw, systematically analyse it according to scientific methods, figure out the most efficient ways for workers to complete individual tasks, and then tell

According to John Franklin Bobbitt, what drives what students learning, the methods and materials used by teachers, how schools are organized, and what standards will be employed to measure results of the educational process?
a. Objectives
b. Preferences

a. Objectives

In Bobbitt's educational vision who is responsible for the determining "of proper methods [and] primary duty" to direct and guide the educational process?
a. School teachers
b. School administrators
c. School Boards
d. Parents of school children

b. School administrators

According to Bobbitt's vision of scientifically manages education, what is the role of teachers in determining the best methods for classroom teaching?
a. Responsibility for "finding the best methods is too large and too complicated to be laid on he shoul

d. a & b only

How was the logic of "means-ends rationality" applied to education?
a. It is a technical matter to decide such issues as instructional method and content, a matter best reserved for people with technical expertise about the methods and content optimally s

a. It is a technical matter to decide such issues as instructional method and content, a matter best reserved for people with technical expertise about the methods and content optimally suited for particular objectives

What impact did scientific management have on US public schools by the 1920s?
A. None
B. It was limited.
C. It was enormous

C. It was enormous

When did high-stakes testing become dominant common practice in the US?
a. It has been a consistent part of US education since the early 1900s.
b. It came about after the adoption of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
c. It came about afte

c. It came about after the passage of the No child Left Behind Act of 2001.

How is high-stakes testing affecting U.S. classrooms?
a. They are not affecting classrooms. Standardized tests have been part of US schools since the early 1900s.
b. The only affect is on the day when time is taken away from class instruction so that stud

d. Teachers are under growing pressure because of the tests. Teachers teach to the tests with increasing regularity, consistency, and intensity. They also narrow their instructional curriculum and shape content norms of their curriculum to match that of t

In one nationwide survey, 71% of school districts reported cutting at least one subject to increase time spent on reading and math. Another study of 349 school districts nationwide reported that 62% of distri8cts reported increased instructional time devo

a. They show the net effect of high-stakes testing is the standardization of the content of the curriculum in teachers' classroom practices.

Zero-sum curriculum is where tested subjects dominate school curriculum and non-tested subjects are edged out or are entirely pushed out of the curriculum altogether?
True or False

True

Zero-sum curriculum have no effect on the knowledge taught in classrooms.
True or False

False

What affects to high-stakes testing on the knowledge taught in classrooms?
a. None. The tests only gage student knowledge. They have no effects on what students know.
b. As the content of the curriculum moves to match what the tests require, the structure

e. b, c, & d

Are high-stakes testing having any effects on pedagogy, the art, science or profession of teaching?
a. No. Teachers have been giving standardized test since the early 1900s and have developed creative strategies help enable students develop their intellec

d. Both b & c

What are scripted curriculum?
a. They are pre-packaged, step-by-step, commercial curricular that provide teachers with scripts to follow for each day's lessons and class activities. These scripts require no creative input or decision-making by teachers.
b

a. They are pre-packaged, step-by-step, commercial curricular that provide teachers with scripts to follow for each day's lessons and class activities. These scripts require no creative input or decision-making by teachers.

How do high-stakes teaching and scripted curriculum affect the power of teachers to use their training, experience and expertise to help students learn?
a. They strengthen the power of teachers.
b. They have no effect on the power of teachers.
c. They epi

f. Both c & d

What are charter schools?
a. They are private, nonpublic schools operated by private organizations or individuals. Students attending such schools have to pay tuition and fees.
b. They are tuition-free, taxpayer supported, independent public schools that

b. They are tuition-free, taxpayer supported, independent public schools that operate under a contract, called a charter with a locality, county or state.

Are charter schools better at educating students?
a. No. Charters in every state are less effective than traditional public schools (TPS).
b. Yes. Charter schools in every state are more effective than traditional public schools.
c. A 2013 study by Stanfo

f. c, d, & e

What arguments do advocates of charters schools make in their effort to get more states to authorize these types of schools?
a. Traditional public schools are failing to educate students. Creating charter schools solves this problem by providing parents w

a. Traditional public schools are failing to educate students. Creating charter schools solves this problem by providing parents with an alternative they can choose. Charter schools teachers can use innovative educational approaches to help students succe

Compared to traditional public schools how are charter schools governed?
a. Both are governed by elected school board members who make policy and select school superintendents.
b. Both are required to follow open-meetings and public-records laws.
c. Chart

f. both c & d

Does student performance data from 1995 to 2015 support claims that traditional public schools are failing?
a. No. Whereas U.S. eight graders scored below the international average in reading in 1995, in 2015 they were well above average, outscored by onl

a. No. Whereas U.S. eight graders scored below the international average in reading in 1995, in 2015 they were well above average, outscored by only six of 33 countries. In addition, high school graduation rates in he US reach a historical high in 2014 wh

Have there been concerns expressed about or criticisms of charter schools?
a. No. Charter schools have not face any criticisms.
b. Yes. The 2013 CREDO noted that straight comparisons of charters and traditional pubic schools are difficult because even amo

g, b, c, & d

Critics have pointed out that charter schools, such as the Success Academy in New York City and KIPPP network schools, have high rates of suspensions. Even U.S. Secretary of Education John King in June 2016 suggested that these schools needed to rethink t

True

Whereas traditional public schools are require to educate students who are physically disabled and have special-needs, charter schools are not required to admit such students and have lower numbers of such students.
True or False

True

Who originally came up with the concept of charter schools?
a. Ray Budde
b. Susan Aud Pendergrass
c. Jeanne Allen
d. Nina Rees

a. Ray Budde

What did the original concept of charter schools involve?
a. Independent schools that competed with traditional public schools for tax dollars and students.
b. Independent schools that did not have to meet the same state laws and regulations as traditiona

c. Teachers within schools would enter into a contractual relationship through a "charter" agreement with the school board that would give teachers direct responsibility for developing and using effective teaching strategies.

In his expansion the original concept of charters schools, what did Albert Shanker propose?
a. Creating separate schools within existing schools to serve as laboratories of innovation. Teachers would have greater autonomy to try different education approa

a. Creating separate schools within existing schools to serve as laboratories of innovation. Teachers would have greater autonomy to try different education approaches, such as team teaching or tailoring programs to the different ways children learn.

What president was the first to provide federal grant funds to state and local education agencies to support the planning, development and start-up of new charter schools?
a. The first president Bush - George H.W. Bush
b. Bill Clinton
c. George W. Bush
d.

b. Bill Clinton

What percent of charter schoolteachers and traditional public school teachers belong to a union?
a. 11 percent and 68 percent, respectively.
b. 35 percent and 17 percent respectively.
c. 73 percent and 20 percent, respectively.
d. They are about the same,

a. 11 percent & 68 percent, respectively.

Is there a difference in salaries paid to teachers who work in charter and traditional public schools?
a. No. There are no differences in pay.
b. Yes. A U.S. Department of education survey for eh 2011-12 school year found that charter schoolteachers' sala

b. Yes. A U.S. Department of education survey for eh 2011-12 school year found that charter schoolteachers' salaries averaged 17 percent less than those of teachers in traditional public schools.

What us the current state of politics surrounding charter schools?
a. The movement faces a backlash. Voters in Massachusetts and Georgia defeated ballot measures that would have expanded charter schools.
b. As a candidate for president, Donald Trump promi

d. All of the above

In 2016, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) called for a moratorium on charter expansion. Why did the organization do so?
a. The NAACP is concerned about the fact that charters have recorded some of the weakest academic

b. The NAACP is concerned about charters that open and close in a fraction of the school year and leave families stranded, a lack of accountability, a focus on high-performing students who are the least expensive to educate, and overly punitive disciplina

What is the school to prison pipeline?
a. It is the growing pattern of tracking students out of educational institutions via zero tolerance policies, and tracking them directly and/or indirectly in the juvenile and adult criminal systems
b. It is the proc

d. Both a and b

What factors have contributed to the creation of the school to prison pipeline?
a. Media construction of crime and criminals
b. Change in local, state and federal laws
c. A socio-political climate that is increasingly fearful and punitive the rise of the

d. All of the above

Zero-tolerance policies are harsh predefined mandatory consequences that are applied to a violation of school rules without regard to the seriousness of the behavior, mitigating circumstances, or the situational context. They are associated with increased

True

Zero-tolerance policies are very effective in increasing school safety.
True or False

False

What portion of the student population have been negatively affected by zero-tolerance policies?
a. Students belonging to all social, ethnic, and racial.
b. Middle- and upper-income white students.
c. Honor students and athletes.
d. The poor, students wit

d. The poor, students with disabilities, and youth of color, especially African Americans.

Has the news media, especially television, played a role in constructing perceptions of crime, public images of criminals? If so, how?
a. No. News media simply report facts and events. In reporting on crime, radio, newspapers and television provide the po

f. both b & c

Does the news media over-represent members certain social, ethnic, or racial groups as criminal offenders?
a. Yes. African American and Latinos are over-represented as offenders and under-represented as victims.
b. Yes. Inter-racial crimes involving white

e. Both a, b, & c

Do media reports depict members' particular social, ethnic, or racial groups in more negative ways than members of other offenders?
a. Yes. African American offenders are depicted in more negative ways than their white counterparts are. They are four time

a. Yes. African American offenders are depicted in more negative ways than their white counterparts are. They are four times more likely than whites to be seen in a mug shot, and twice as likely to be shown in physical restraints.

How has the news media reported on crimes committed by youth?
a. It over-represents youth crime. Hancock (2001) estimates that two-thirds of violent crime coverage is focused on youth under age 25.
b. In the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s, media crea

d. All of the above

The political benefits of the Prison Industrial Complex is reduced crime, lower rates of recidivism, healthier communities, and a smaller prison population in the long term.
True or False

False

What was the initial impetus for the adoption of zero tolerance policies?
a. Shootings at predominantly white schools and the adoption of the Gun-Free School Act of 1994 which required all schools to expel students who bring a firearm to school or school

a. Shootings at predominantly white schools and the adoption of the Gun-Free School Act of 1994 which required all schools to expel students who bring a firearm to school or school zone to be expelled for a calendar year and to report those students to lo

One example of zero policy tolerance involve a 12 year old who had been diagnosed with a hyperactive disorder who warned kids in the lunch line not to eat all the potatoes, or "I'm going to get you." The student was suspended for two days, referred to pol

True