7th Grade Civics Reporting Category 3

bias

a preference, opinion or attitude that favors one way of thinking or feeling over another

candidate

a person running for political office

Communist Party

a political party that believes the government should control all production and distribution of goods and working people should control their own lives and destinies

Democratic Party

a political party that believes that the federal government should take a more active role in people's lives, particularly those who are in need

government

a system or organization for exercising authority over a body of people

Libertarian Party

a political party that believes in individual freedom and the only purpose of government is to protect this freedom

party platform

a document stating the aims and goals of a political party

political party

an organization that seeks to gain political power by electing members to public office so that their political ideas can be reflected in public policies

political system

the members of a social organization who are in power

Republican Party

a political party that believes that the federal government should play a small role in people's lives; they favor lower taxes and less government spending

Socialist Party

a political party that believes people should own and control industry through democratically controlled public agencies, cooperatives, or other collective groups

society

a body of individuals living as members of a community

third party

a political party that is not one of the two major parties in the country; a minor party

two-party system

a political system consisting primarily of two major parties, more or less equal in strength

candidate

a person running for political office

elector

a person who has the right to vote in an election

evaluate

to determine or to judge

issue based platform

a document stating the goals and principles of a political party or political candidate, also known as a political platform

natural born citizen

someone who was born in the U.S. or born to U.S. citizens

political office

a position for which a candidate is elected to hold

political official

a person holding an elected office

qualification

the traits and accomplishments that fit a person for some function or office

requirement

something necessary

vote

to elect or decide

U.S. Representative

a member of the U.S House of Representatives; representatives are elected in districts throughout each state

U.S. Senator

a member of the U.S. Senate elected to represent an entire state, there are two senators per state

impact

to have a strong effect on something or someone

influence

having an effect or impact on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of another or others

interest group

people who are concerned with some particular issue or part of the government and who try to influence legislators or to act in their favor, also known as a special interest group

lobbying

to conduct activities in order to influence public officials

lobbyist

a person who conducts activities in order to influence public officials

media

plural form of the word "medium," refers to various means of communication. For example, television, radio, newspapers and the Internet (web) are different types of media. The term can also be used as a collective noun for the press or news reporting agen

monitor

to watch, keep track of, or check usually for a special purpose

petitioning the government

any nonviolent, legal means of encouraging or disapproving government action, directed to the judicial, executive or legislative branch

political action committee (PAC)

an independent political organization that seeks to promote the cause of a particular interest group, usually through raising money and campaigning to elect candidates who support the group's views

public agenda

a list of issues that much of society agrees are a priority

public policy

government actions in the form of laws

public sphere

a place where society discuses the issues that affect everyone

watchdog

a person or group who acts as a protector or guardian

bandwagon

propaganda technique encouraging the viewer to like something or someone because everyone else does

bias

a preference, opinion or attitude that favors one way of thinking or feeling over another

card stacking

propaganda technique involving the use of showing one-sided information

glittering generalities

propaganda technique using short phrases or words to promote positive feelings or emotions

media

plural form of the word "medium," refers to various means of communication. For example, television, radio, and the newspaper are different types of media. The term can also be used as a collective noun for the press or news reporting agencies

name calling

propaganda technique using negative words to associate with a product or person

plain folks

propaganda technique conveying that a candidate is a "regular" person, just like everyone else

political communication

the use of media to convey messages or information related to government issues, campaigns or public offices

propaganda

the method of spreading ideas or information for the purpose of helping or injuring an institution, a cause, or a person

symbolism

the use of something to represent ideas or qualities

testimonial

propaganda technique involving the use of a celebrity or spokesperson to speak on behalf of a product of candidate

transfer

propaganda technique involving the use of symbols to convey a message or feeling

lawmakers

members of a legislature that draft and pass laws (i.e., U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator, state representative, state senator, city council member)

superintendent

the leader of a school district

deliberate

to think about or discuss issues and decisions carefully

editorial

an opinion based item generated by the editor or editorial board of a newspaper or other media.

issue

a subject that is under debate by two or more parties

nonprofit organization

a group organized on a local, national or international level to perform a variety of services related to an issue or variety of issues; funding goes toward the issue instead of making a profit

perspective

point of view

political party

an organization that seeks to gain political power by electing members to public office so that their political ideas can be reflected in public policies

special interest group

people who are concerned with some particular issue or part of the government and who try to influence legislators to act in their favor

voting age population

citizens residing in the United States, age 18 and older; before the passage of the 26th Amendment in 1971, the voting-age population was age 21 and older for most states

political institutions

the decision making elements of government

public opinion

views of the general public

alliance

a union between nations for assistance and protection

allies

nations united with another for some common purpose such as assistance and protection

ambassador

a person sent as the chief representative of his or her own government in another country

diplomacy

the work of keeping up relations between the governments of different countries

diplomat

a person employed or skilled in diplomacy

doctrine

the principles in a system of belief

domestic affairs

issues or concerns in one's own country

domestic policy

a course of action chosen to guide people in making decisions about their own country

embassy

the residence or office of an ambassador

foreign affairs

issues or concerns about other countries around the world

foreign policy

a course of action chosen in order to guide people in making decisions about other countries

HIV/AIDS

the virus that causes AIDS, spread through bodily fluids rather than casual contact or airborne

international relations

dealings between nations around the world

Secretary of State

the head of the U.S. Department of State; a member of the President's Cabinet

treaty

an agreement or arrangement between two or more countries

U.S. State Department

the federal department in the U. S. that sets and maintains foreign policies; part of the executive branch of the federal
government

European Union

an organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members

intergovernmental organization

an organization formed with groups of governments for a specific purpose

international organization

groups of governments or people from different countries working together to solve an issue that crosses country borders

International Red Cross/Red Crescent

an organization that helps people around the world respond to natural disasters and that checks on the conditions of prisoners of war

non-governmental organization (NGO)

a voluntary citizens' group that is organized on a local, national or international level and works ; they perform a variety of service and humanitarian functions, bring citizen concerns to governments, advocate for certain issues such as human rights or

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

a formal agreement among the governments of the U.S., Canada, and Mexico to form a free trade zone in North America and eliminate taxes on the buying and selling of each other's products

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

a group of 28 countries that has agreed to protect each other in case of attack; founded in 1949

treaty

an agreement or arrangement between two or more countries

United Nations (UN)

an organization founded in 1943 to keep the peace, develop friendly relationships among countries, and improve the quality of life for the world's poor people; consists of 193 member countries

United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF)

an agency of the United Nations established in 1946 to help governments improve the health and education of children and their mothers

World Bank

an organization that helps poor and middle income countries get the money they need to build improvements that will help reduce poverty

World Court

a permanent panel of fifteen judges appointed by the UN to nine-year terms to hear cases; cases argued before the court focus on disputes between nations who agree to accept its decisions

World Health Organization

an organization established in 1948 within the United Nations that works to improve health throughout the world

World Trade Organization (WTO)

an international body founded in 1995 to promote international trade and economic development by reducing taxes and other restrictions

Bay of Pigs

a bay of the Caribbean Sea in Cuba: it was the site of an attempted invasion of Cuba by anti-Fidel Castro forces in April 1961.

conflict

a sharp disagreement (as between ideas, interests, or purposes)

conflict resolution

the process of ending a conflict or disagreement

cooperation

the act of working together

Cuban Missile Crisis

in 1962, leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff in October over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles in Cuba

diplomacy

the work of keeping up relations between the governments of different countries

Gulf War I

a military conflict in 1991 between Iraq and a coalition force of 34 nations mandated by the United Nations and led by the U.S., also known as the Persian Gulf War

Gulf War II

the 2003 military conflict Iraq, also called the Iraq War or "Operation Iraqi Freedom", began March 20, 2003, initiated by the U.S., the United Kingdom and other nations

humanitarian efforts

work focused on improving the health and happiness of other people

international conflict

a conflict between two different nations or groups

Iran Hostage Crisis

a 444-day period during which the new government of Iran after the Iranian Revolution held hostage 66 diplomats and U.S. citizens, beginning on November 4, 1979 and ending on January 20, 1981

Korean War

a war between North and South Korea; South Korea was aided by the U.S. and other members of the United Nations from 1950- 1953

military action

members of the U.S. military (Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard) having a presence in another country typically involving the use of force to stop conflict

peacekeeping operations

enforcing a truce between countries or groups by an international military force

terrorism

the use of extreme fear as a means of achieving a goal

U.S. State Department

the federal department in the U. S. that sets and maintains foreign policies; part of the executive branch of the federal government

Vietnam War

a military conflict (1954-1975) between the Communist forces of North Vietnam supported by China and the Soviet Union and the non-Communist forces of South Vietnam supported by the U.S.

World War I

a war between the allies (Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, U.S., Japan, Romania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro) and the central powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria) from 1914 to 1918

World War II

a war that began on July7, 1937 in Asia and September 1, 1939 in Europe and lasted until 1945; it involved most of the world's countries

Commander in Chief

one role of the president is to lead the U.S. military forces