civics, chapter 7

crime

any behavior that is considered illegal

criminal law

group of laws that define what acts are crimes

civil law

group of laws that refers to disputes between people

the constitution

the supreme law of the land

staturtory laws

laws passed by lawmaking bodies

majority rule

what the majority of citizens believe to be right or wrong

common law

law that comes from judges desicions

precedent

an earlier court decision

administrative law

laws created by government agencies

constitutional law

law based on the constitution and on supreme court decisions interpreting the constitution

6th amendment

guarantees that a defendant in a criminal case has the right to the "assistance of counsel

appeal

prosses by which a convicted person asks a higher court to reveiw the result of a trial

District courts have original______, or the authority to hear cases for the first time.

jurisdiction

Courts of appeals have ______ jurisdiction.

appellate

The fedreal court systems is divided into _______ districts.

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In a court of appeals, a _______of judges makes decisionson cases.

panel

The ourt of appeals may send a case back to the district court for a new trials, or it may _____ the decisions.

uphold

Fedreal judges are appointed to serve ____ terms.

life

Federal judges are appionted by the__________ and must be confirmed by the_________

president; senate

The desicions of the supreme court justices cannot be___________

appealed

____________ and___________ are two types of jusisdiction

original and appellate

The __________ reviews decisions of the lower courts

court of appeals

crime

any behavior that is considered illegal

criminal law

group of laws that define what acts are crimes

civil law

group of laws that refers to disputes between people

common law

law that comes from judges desicions

precedent

an earlier court decision

appeal

prosses by which a convicted person asks a higher court to reveiw the result of a trial

opinion

explanation of the reasoning that led to the courts decision

justicies

the name given to supreme court judges

district courts

lower federal courts that have original jurisdiction in most cases

jursdiction

the authority to interpret and administer the law; also the range of that authority

court of appeals

federal courts that review desions appealed from district courts

appellate jurisdiction

the authority of some courts to review desisions made by lower courts

remand

to return an appealed case to a lower court for review

judicial review

the power of the us supreme to determine if a lawcan be passed by congress

dissenting opinion

a state ment written by a supreme justice who disagrees with the majority decsision

The power of the judicial review allows courts to decide wheather a law or presidential action is _________________.

unconstitutional

The return of a case to a lower court for a new trial is called a _______.

remand

Whena justice agrees with the majority decision but for differing reasons, he or she might write a(n) _______.

opinion

The justice who disagrees with the majority might write a(n) _______.

dissenting opinion

The case that established the "reading of rights" to a suspect was _______.

Miranda v. Arizona

The case that established the "seperate but equal right" was _____________.

Brown v. Board of Education

If the Supreme Court declares a law unconstitutional Congress can try to write a _________ law.

better

The size of the Supreme Court is determined by _______.

Congress

The number of supreme court justices has been set at ______ since 1869.

nine

Cases between states go before the ______________.

Supreme Court

The federal court system is divided into _____ judicial circuits.

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