Ruckel Middle School 7th Grade Civics EOC REVIEW Flash Cards

citizen

A person with certain rights and responsibilities in his or her country or community

how do you become a citizen?

Born: One or both of your parents are citizens, so you are too
Naturalization: A legal resident applies for citizenship, and then becomes a naturalized citizen

Obligations of a citizen

1. obey laws
2. pay taxes
3. serve on a jury
4. defend the nation

Good citizens.......

1. volunteer
2. vote
3. stay informed

Direct democracy

A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives

Representative democracy

A system of government in which citizens elect representatives, or leaders, to make decisions about the laws for all the people.

monarchy

A government ruled by a king or queen

oligarchy

a system of government in which a small group holds power

dictatorship

a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

theocracy

government run by religious leaders

anarchy

no government

parlimentary

democratic form of government in which the party (or a coalition of parties) with the greatest representation in the parliment (legislature) forms the government, its leader becoming prime minister or chancellor

federal government

a form of government in which powers are divided between a central government and several local governments

confederal government

A political system where independant states form a nation but retain power under a weak central government.

unitary government

the central government holds most of the power and makes all the decisions, state government has little control

legislative branch

-Articlel I
-makes/writes laws
-congress

executive branch

-Article II
-carries out/executes laws
-Presidant, VP, cabinent

judicial branch

-Artical III
-interprets/applies laws
-courts

The legislative branch(Congree)_______the nations laws. Our congress is__________(two house).

makes
binomeal

H of R
-_________members
-______years old to be in the H of R
-______year term
-All__________laws must begin here, can ___________ federal officials.

435
25
2
tax and revonue
impeach

Senate
-________members
-_______members per state
-________years old to be in the Senate
-_______year term
-Confirm presidential appointments, ratify treaties, and serve as________ in impeachment trials.

100
2
30
6
jury

Executive branch......
Consists of what ?

1. Presidant
2. V.P.
3.Cabinet

Qualifications for Presidant and what they can do

1. must be 35 years old
2. elected for 4 year terms
3. can veto laws passed by congress

Judicial branch consists of .....

ALL COURTS!!

There are_________ associate justices and one_______justice in the ________court.

8
cheif
Supreem

State powers (reserved)

-make laws for education
-marrige and divorce
-conduct elections
-regulate trade in their borders

Powers shared by State and Federal Governments (Concurrent)

-levy and collect taxes
-establish courts
-enforce laws
-borrow money
-build roads

Federal Powers (delegated or enumerated)

-print money
-declare war
-conduct forigen affairs
-rasies and supports military
-regulates interstate and international trade

1st amendment

freedom of:
-Religion
-Assembly
-Press
-Petition
-Speech (RAPPS)

2nd Amendment

Right to bear arms

3rd amendment

Quartering of Troops

4th amendment

No unreasonable searches or siezures

5th amendment

Rights of the accused, property rights

6th amendment

other rights of the accused

7th amendment

Right to a trial by jury in civil cases

8th amendment

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

9th amendment

rights not listed

10th amendment

powers reserved to the States

13th amendment

abolished slavery

14th amendment

citizenship and civil rights

15th amendment

rights of sufferage

19th amendment

womens sufferage

24th amendment

poll taxes

26th amendment

congressional pay rasies

civil law

the legal code of ancient Rome

criminal law

A law that defines crimes against the public order.

constitutional law

law that involves the interpretation and application of the U.S. Constitution and state constitutions

military law

the body of laws and rules of conduct administered by military courts for the discipline, trial, and punishment of military personnel

Marbury vs. Madison
established the power of________.

judicial review

McCulloch vs. Maryland
ruled that the state of maryland could not tax the 2nd national bank. expanded the powers of
______government.

federal

Dred Scott vs. Sanford
Said slaves were not ________ and that the federal government couldn't make laws againts slavery

citizens

Plessy vs. Ferguson
Legitimized and reinforced______________laws.

segregation

Brow vs. The Board of Education
Held that "________________" was not "equal". Overturned _______________________.

seperate but equal
Plessy vs. Ferguson

Gideon vs. Wainwright
States must provide a(n) _______ for people who cannot afford it.

attorny

In re Gault
_______defendants should be given the same result as adult criminal defendants.

juvinial

Tinker vs. Des Moines
schools cannot ignore_________rights.

1st amendment

United States vs. Nixon
The presidant is not_______the law

above

Hazelwood vs. Kulmeier
Schools may limit speech/expression if it________________.

interferes with the school's mission

Local/County/ City Government consists of

board of commisioners
mayor/city manager
city councl

Local/County/City Government's purpose is

services to its city/county residants

Local/County/City Government largest source of income

property and sales taxes

State government consists of

Governer, Lt. Governer, Cabinet, State legislature

State government's purpose

services to state residants

State government's main source of income

sales, and income taxes

Federal government consists of

Presidant, V.P., Cabinet, Congress

Federal government's purpose

services to entier nation

Federal governments main source of income

income taxes

John Locke

natural rights

Baron de Montesquieu

seperation of powers

Federalist
person who __________the ratification of the constitution for a stronger federal government

supported

Anti-Federalist
person ___________to the new constitution, wanted most power to remain with the_______government.

opposed
state

Rule of law

the beliefe that no oerson (even the king) is above the law

Magna Carta

Limits the power of king, John I of England was forced to sign this document by his barons

Thomas Paine

wrote "Common Sense

Articals of confederation

created the first government of the newly independent united states. It lacked an executive branch and the authority to settle disputes between the states

the preamble

states the goals of the constitution

Article I(1)

legislative branch

Article II(2)

Executive branch

Article III(3)

Supreme court

Artical IV(4)

relations between state and federal governments

Artical V(5)

How to amend the constitution

Artical VI(6)

The constitution is the highest law of the land

Artical VII(7)

Ratification of the constitution