Protons have a ___ charge.
positive
Neutrons have a ___ charge.
neutral
Electrons have a ___ charge.
negative.
Protons + Neutrons gives you the ___.
atomic mass
The number of protons tells you the ___.
atomic number
How many bonds does Carbon make?
4
How many bonds does Nitrogen make?
3
How many bonds does Oxygen make?
2
How many bonds does Hydrogen make?
1
What shapes can you NOT make while drawing bonds?
triangles and squares
Covalent bonding is the ___ of electrons.
sharing
What type of elements form covalent bonds?
nonmetals
What is an ion?
an atom that has a charge
What two main elements pull on electrons?
Nitrogen and Oxygen
Water has an uneven distribution of electrons, so it is ___.
polar
What type of bonding occurs between water molecules?
Hydrogen bonding
A molecule contributing H+ to a solution is a(n) ___.
acid
A molecule contributing OH- to a solution is a(n) ___.
base
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7
A solution with a pH of 0-6 is a(n) ___.
acid
A solution with a pH of 8-14 is a(n) ___.
base
What is used to measure how acidic or basic a solution is?
the pH scale
The elements COOH are found in a ___.
Carboxyl Group
What does COOH stand for in a Carboxyl Group?
Carbon Oxygen Oxygen Hydrogen
What are the four main biomolecules?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
What are Carbohydrates made of?
Glucose
What are Proteins made of?
Amino Acids
What are Lipids made of?
(Example) Fatty Acids
What are Nucleic Acids made of?
Nucleotides
Cellulose is an example of a ___.
Carbohydrate
Hormones are an example of a ___.
Lipid
Hemaglobin is an example of a ___.
Protein
DNA is an example of a ___.
Nucleic Acid
The biomolecule containing C, H, O, and N is ___.
Proteins
The biomolecules containing C, H, and O are ___ and ___.
Carbohydrates, Lipids
The biomolecule containing C, H, O, N, and P is ___.
Nucleic Acids
What indicator reveals that a protein is present?
biuret
What indicator reveals that a carbohydrate is present?
iodine
How many amino acids are there?
20
How many bases can go into Nucleic Acids?
4
What bases go into Nucleic Acids? (just the letters)
A T C G (Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine)
An element with a different number of neutrons is a(n) ___.
isotope
The energy storage molecule for plants is ___.
starch
The structural molecule for plant cells is ___.
cellulose
The energy storage molecule for animals is ___.
glycogen
Hydrogen is an example of a(n) ____. (Compound or Element?)
element
CH4 is an example of a(n) ___. (Compound or Element?)
compound
When water sticks to itself it is called ___.
cohesion
How many electrons can level 1 hold?
2
How many electrons can level 2 hold?
8
How many electrons can level 3 hold?
8
What speeds up reactions in living things?
Enzymes
When 2 or more amino acids bond, they form a ___.
peptide bond
What do peptide bonds produce?
proteins