taxonomy
science of classifying living things
binomial nomenclature
scientific name composed of 2 parts: Genus and species
8 levels of classification
domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
largest classification
domain
smallest classification (most specific)
species but name given with genus
prokaryote
NO nucleus or membrane bound organelles
eukaryote
cell with nucleus and membrane bound organelles
unicellular
made of one cell; can not be seen with the naked eye; microscopic
multicellular
made of many cells
autotroph
make their own food using sun or chemicals
heterotroph
can not make their own food (carnivore, herbivore, omnivore, decomposer)
carnivore
organism that eats meat
herbivore
organism that eats plants
omnivore
organism that eats plants and animals
decomposer
breaks down organic material for food
eubacteria
bacteria
unicellular
autotroph or heterotroph
archaea
cell wall
unicellular autotroph or heterotroph
can live in harsh conditions
protist
eukaryote single cell
some have cell wall
some have chloroplast
most unicellular; some unicellular
autotroph or heterotroph
fungi
can feed on dead, decaying matter
eukaryote
cell wall
most multicellular; some unicellular
heterotroph
plant
eukaryote
cell wall
chloroplast
multicellular
autotroph
animal
eukaryote
no cell wall
no chloroplast
multicellular
heterotroph
Dichotomous key
a tool used by scientists to help distinguish between similar species
Natural selection
A process in which some species may have
overproduction of offspring,
inherited variation,
and the struggle to survive in different or changing environments