Ecology Vocabulary

non-living parts of the environment

Abiotic

organisms that use energy from the sun or stored sources to manufacture their nutrients

autotroph

variety of life

biodiversity

amount of living matter in an environment

biomass

all of Earth's ecosystems including all the water, land and air in which organisms live

biosphere

living part of the environment

biotic

flesh eating organism

carnivore

number of organisms of one species that the environment can support indefinitely

carrying capacity

symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited

commensalism

living part of an ecosystem

community

struggle among living things to get proper amounts of food, water & energy

competition

organism that feeds directly or indirectly on producers

consumer

organism such as fungi or bacteria that break down and absorb nutrients from dead organisms

decomposer

role or position and species has its environment

ecological niche

The study of interactions between organisms and their environment

ecology

process of gradual change within a community

ecological succession

interactions among populations in a community. the community physical surrondings or abiotic factors

ecosystem

a diagram showing how food energy moves through the ecosystem

energy pyramid

all the living and non-living things with which an organism interacts

environment

food and energy links between the different plants and animals in an ecosystem

food chain

all the food chains in an ecosystem that are connected

food web

place where an organism lives

habitat

organism that eats only plants

herbivore

organisms that cannot make their own food and must feed on other organisms for energy and nutrients

heterotroph

organism in which another organism lives

host

any factor in the environment that limits the size of a population

limiting factors

a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit

mutalism

symbiotic relationships in which one organism benefits at the expense of another

parasitism

group of organisms, all of the same species which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time

population

animal that kills and eats another

predator

organism that is killed and eaten by a predator

prey

organism that makes its own food

producer

organism that feeds on dead animals

scavenger

relationship in which one organism lives in, on or near another organism

symbiosis