Which of the following is an advantage of statistical forecasting methods?
Under the right conditions, they provide predictions that are much more precise than judgmental methods
Planners need to combine statistical forecasts of labor supply with expert judgments because...
historical data may not always reliably indicate future trends
Core competency refers to...
a set of knowledge and skills that make the organization superior to competitors and create value for customers
Which of the following is true of downsizing?
Downsizing often disrupts the social networks through which people are creative and flexible.
improve in six months and it does not want to layoff any of its employees. Which of the following strategies is an equitable way to handle this issue that results in spreading the burden more fairly?
Reduced work hours
Which of the following is true of temporary workers?
Using temporary workers frees the employer from many administrative tasks.
Temporary employment is popular with employers because...
it gives them flexibility in operations
Organizational recruitment materials that emphasize due-process policies, rights of appeal, and grievance mechanisms send a message that...
job security is high in the organization
Sharon wants to apply for a job vacancy. She calls the recruiter who had advertised this vacancy to know more about the job. The recruiter gives some background information to Sharon about the positive and negative qualities of the job. Which of the follo
Realistic Job Preview
Which of the following terms refers to objective measures that accurately predict future labor demand?
Leading Indicators
Which of the following terms is a chart that lists job categories held in one period and shows the proportion of employees in each of those job categories in a future period?
Transitional Matrix
Determining the internal labor supply calls for a detailed analysis of...
how many people are currently in various job categories
Why is hiring new employees for every labor shortage not preferable?
If the shortage becomes a surplus, the organization may have to lay off employees.
Which of the following options for reducing an expected labor surplus has the benefit of being a relatively fast solution, but has the disadvantage of being high in human suffering?
Downsizing
Which of the following options for avoiding an expected labor shortage has the benefit of being a relatively fast solution with high revocability?
Overtime
Which of the following is a reason why many of the downsizing efforts fail?
Surviving employees could become self-absorbed
Which of the following observations is true of taking the services of independent contractors?
The company is not supposed to directly supervise the contractors.
For most companies, the first step in the personnel selection process is _____.
screening the applications to see who meet the basic requirements for the job
The _____ of an employment test is indicated by the extent to which the test scores relate to the actual job performance.
Validity
Which of the following is true about predictive validation?
It uses the test scores of all applicants and looks for a relationship between the scores and future performance.
Which of the following best describes content validity?
It is the consistency between the test items or problems and the kinds of situations or problems that occur on the job.
Evan Smith is the HR manager of a publishing company. He wants to know if a certain test of cognitive ability, used in the advertising industry, can be successfully used in his organization. In other words, he wants to know if this test is a(n) _____ meth
Generalizable
Which of the following is true according to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1991?
Employers are required to make "reasonable accommodation" to disabled individuals.
The use of a neutral-appearing selection method that damages a protected group is _____.
legal if the employer can show that there is a business necessity for using that method
Which of the following holds good under the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986?
Employers must verify and maintain records on the legal rights of applicants to work in the United States.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using r�sum�s as a source of information about job applicants?
The content of the information is controlled by applicants
Generally, the organization checks references _____.
after it has determined that the applicant is a finalist for the job
Which of the following is one of the ways by which individuals acting as references for job applicants can minimize the risk of being sued for defamation or misrepresentation?
By only giving information about observable, job-related behaviors
An assessment center...
uses multiple selection methods to rate applicants on their management potential
Which of the following is true about job performance tests?
They provide fair evaluations for applicants
Which of the following is true about medical examinations of job candidates?
Medical examinations are conducted after the candidate has been given a job offer.
Which type of interview allows the interviewer discretion in choosing the questions to be asked and generally includes open-ended questions about the candidate's strengths, weaknesses, career goals, and work experience?
Nondirective
Interviewing effectiveness may be enhanced by _____.
keeping the interviews narrow, structured, and standardized
Which of the following best describes multiple-hurdle model of personnel selection?
It is a process of arriving at a selection decision by eliminating some candidates at each stage of the selection process.
Sean Mathers, a recruiter for a retail firm, is looking for candidates to fill a sales position. Since the job requires the salesperson to interact with customers, Sean is looking for candidates who are expressive and convincing with customers. He also wa
Extroversion
Which of the following is a permissible question for job applications and interviews?
Will you need any reasonable accommodation for this hiring process
Which of the following considers an organization's strategy and the resources available for training important before starting any training program?
Organization analysis
Which of the following primary variables in a person analysis can be affected by training?
The employee's ability and skills
Which of the following is true of electronic performance support systems?
They provide expert advice when a problem occurs on the job.
Which of the following statements is true of apprenticeship?
Apprentices can earn an income while learning a trade.
Which of the following is a difference between apprenticeship and internship?
Apprenticeship is sponsored by employee unions, whereas internship is sponsored by educational institutions.
Which of the following statements is true of simulators used in training?
They must have elements identical to those found in the work environment.
One form of experiential training, called _____, is a teamwork and leadership training program based on the use of challenging, structured outdoor activities.
adventure learning
_____ requires that employees actually learn the content of the training program and that the necessary conditions are in place for employees to apply what they learned.
Transfer of training
The most accurate way to evaluate the training program is to...
conduct pretests and train only part of the employees
Training designed to prepare employees to perform their jobs effectively, learn about the organization, and establish work relationships is known as...
orientation
What is the objective of diversity training programs that focus on attitudes?
To increase participants' awareness of cultural, ethnic, personal, and physical differences in the workforce
The first step in the instructional design process is...
conducting a needs assessment
Which of the following processes identifies the knowledge, skills, and behaviors that training should emphasize?
Task Analysis
Which of the following training methods is used for conveying facts or comparing alternatives?
Presentation methods
Which of the following is an example of an on-the-job training method?
Apprenticeship
Which of the following types of professions would typically have an internship?
Doctor
_____ involves training sessions in which participants observe other people demonstrating the desired behavior, then have opportunities to practice the behavior themselves.
Behavior Modeling
The difficulty level of written materials is known as...
Readability
Team training in which team members understand and practice each other's skills so that they are prepared to step in and take another member's place is referred to as...
Cross-training
A(n) _____ is a detailed description of a situation that trainees analyze and discuss and is designed to develop higher-order thinking skills.
case study
The process through which managers ensure that employees' activities and outputs contribute to the organization's goals is known as...
Performance Management
How does an organization specify the aspects of performance that are relevant to the organization?
Based on the job analysis
_____ means effective performance management helps the organization achieve its business objectives.
Strategic purpose
The administrative purpose of a performance management system refers to...
the ways in which organizations use the system to provide information for day-to-day decisions about salary, benefits, and recognition programs
Performance management has a(n) _____ purpose, meaning that it serves as a basis for improving employees' knowledge and skills
developmental
Which of the following criteria for determining the effectiveness of a performance management system is concerned with maximizing the overlap between actual job performance and job performance measure?
Validity
Information that is gathered for measuring the effectiveness of a performance management system but is irrelevant represents "_____" of the performance measure.
Contamination
With regard to a performance measure, _____describes the consistency of the results that the performance measure will deliver.
Reliability
_____ refers to telling employees exactly what is expected of them and how they can meet those expectations.
Specific feedback
Which of the following is a comparative performance appraisal technique?
Simple Ranking
Which of the following is true about the forced-distribution method of measuring employee performance?
It assigns a certain percentage of employees to each category in a set of categories.
Identify the evaluation approach to performance measurement that meets the following criteria: very high fit with strategy, usually high validity, high reliability, high acceptability, and high specificity regarding results but low specificity regarding b
Results
Which of the following is the most widely used method for rating attributes?
Graphic rating scales
The performance management method that requires managers to rate the frequency with which an employee has exhibited a behavior during a rating period is the...
behavioral observation scale
Which of the following is true of management by objectives (MBO)?
Managers and their employees work together to set the goals
The performance measurement system that combines information from most or all of the possible sources, is known as...
a 360-degree performance appraisal
Subordinate evaluations of performance are most appropriate when the performance results are to be used for...
developmental purposes
hich of the following steps should be taken to protect employees when they provide evaluations of managers' performance?
The process should be anonymous
Which rater error makes it difficult to distinguish among employees rated by the same rater because the rater tends to use only one part of the rating scale?
Distributional Error
The distributional error that occurs when the reviewer rates everyone near the top of a rating scale is known as _____.
leniency
How does an organization promote fairness and reduce political behavior in the appraisal system?
Train managers to use the appraisal process.
Which approach to performance feedback is generally most effective?
Problem-solving
Most managers rely on the _____ approach to performance feedback.
tell-and-sell
Managers can improve employee satisfaction with the feedback process by...
letting employees voice their opinions and discuss performance goals during the feedback process