Chapter 1

Which describes the study of the functions of body structures?
a) anatomy
b) physiology
c) endocrinology
d) histology
e) immunology

Answer: b

A group of cells that work together to perform a particular function is a(n)
a) tissue
b) organ
c) molecules
d) compounds
e) organism

a

4) Hormonal or electrical signals are sent from the control center to the
a) receptors
b) stimulus
c) afferent pathway
d) effectors

d) effectors

What would detect decreasing oxygen concentrations in blood? a) receptor b) muscle c) response d) effector

a) receptor

together to perform a particular the If blood concentrations of thyroid hormones increase above a certain level, Thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) neurons in the hypothalamus are inhibited and stop secreting TRH. This is an example of
a) negative feedback
b

a) negative feedback

Which cavity contains the heart?
a) cranial cavity
b) vertebral cavity
c) abdominal cavity
d) pericardial cavity

d) pericardial cavity

Cutting the body in half at the diaphragm, would create the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity. What plane would create these halves?
a) frontal
b) sagittal
c) transverse
d) oblique
e) midsagittal

d) superior

Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The heart is ________ to the liver.
a) inferior
b) anterior
c) contralateral
d) superior
e) superficial

d) superior

In the figure, the ascending colon and the gallbladder are considered to each other
a) ipsilateral
b) contralateral
c) lateral
d)distal
e) posterior

a) ipsilateral

What physically separates the area labelled C from the area labeled D?
a) visceral peritoneum
b) mediastinum
c) meninges
d) parietal pericardial
e) diaphragm

e) mediastinum

The pericardial cavity is located inside the
a) parietal pleura
b) visceral pleura
c) parietal periotneum
d) visceral peritoneum
e) mediastinum

e) mediastinum

13) The three types of subatomic particles that are important for understanding chemical reactions in the human body are
a) neutrons, quarks, and muons.
b) protons, neutrons, and electrons.
c) muons, positons, and neutrons.
d) electrons, quarks, and proto

b) protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Which of the following subatomic particles has/have a neutral charge?
a) neutron
b) electron
c) proton
d) Both neutron and electron.
e) All of these choices.

a) neutron

The number of protons in an atom is represented by an element's
a) mass number.
b) atomic number.
c) atomic mass.
d) valence number.
e) None of these choices.

b) atomic number.

16) Which of the following subatomic particles are shared by two atoms to form covalent bonds? 1. neutron 2. electron 3. proton
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) 2 & 3 only
e) 1, 2 & 3

b) 2 only

What is the name given to a negatively charged atom?
a) superoxide
b) isotope
c) catalyst
d) anion
e) cation

d) anion

18) Which term is defined as the capacity to do work?
a) metabolism
b) electrolytes
c) chemical reaction
d) concentration
e) energy

e) energy

19) An enzyme acts to
a) raise the activation energy needed to start the reaction.
b) lower the activation energy needed to start the reaction.
c) convert the activation energy into potential energy.
d) convert the activation energy into kinetic energy.
e

b) lower the activation energy needed to start the reaction

Which type of chemical reaction combines reactants to produce larger products? a) synthesis b) decomposition c) potential d) exchange e) activated

a) synthesis

A solution with a pH value less than 7 is a) basic. b) neutral. c) acidic. d) alkaline, e) concentrated.

c) acidic.

This type of fatty acid contains one or more double bonds in its hydrocarbon chain. a) saturated b) unsaturated c) volatile d) short chain

b) unsaturated

In the diagram, removal of one or more of this type of subatomic particle would result in the formation of a cation? a) A b) B c) C d) All of these choices. e) None of these choices.

C

Surface tension of an aqueous solution is generated by the presence _______ of between water molecules.
a) covalent bonds
b) ionic bonds
c) hydrogen bonds
d) ester links
e) None of these choices.

c) hydrogen bonds

Phosphorus has atomic number 15. How many electrons are in the valence shell of phosphorus and how many bonds could it form?
a) 8, 2
b) 5, 3
c) 6, 1
d) 2, 7

b) 5, 3