First Aid TC 4-02.1

What is Self Aid?

Emergency treatment one applies to oneself

What is the quickest way to splint a broken leg?

Tie the broken leg securely to the unbroken leg

How many pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding with fingers, thumbs or hands are there on the human body?

11

What is the object of first aid?

1. To stop bleeding
2. Overcome shock
3. Relieve pain
4. Prevent infection

What FM covers first aid for soldiers?

FM 4-25.11

What is first aid?

It is the first care given to casualties before treatment by medical personnel can be made available

What is the unique feature of type "O" blood

It is the universal donor

When would you not remove a casualties clothing to expose a wound?

If in a chemical environment or if the clothing is stuck to the wound

What soldiers are most likely to suffer heat injuries?

Soldiers not accustomed to the heat, overweight soldiers, prior heat casualties, and soldiers already dehydrated due to alcohol use, diarrhea, or lack of water (insufficient use of)

How high should an injured limb be elevated above the heart to control bleeding?

2-4 inches

What are the lifesaving steps? (The ABC's of medical treatment)

1. Open the airway and restore breathing
2. Stop the bleeding / Protect the wound
3. Prevent shock

When applying splint, where should the bandages be tied?

The bandages should be tied with knots against the splint

Whose first aid dressing should be used on a casualty?

Use the casualty's field dressing.

How should the ends of an improved pressure dressing be tied?

Tie the ends together in a nonslip knot, directly over the wound site. DO NOT tie so tightly that it has a tourniquet-like effect.

What is manual pressure?

If bleeding continues after applying the sterile field dressing, direct manual pressure may be used to help control bleeding. Apply such pressure by placing a hand on the dressing and exerting firm pressure for 5 to 10 minutes. The casualty may be asked t

Should a casualty be given water to drink?

He should not eat or drink

Why should you dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible?

To protect the wound from further contamination of germs, and also to control the bleeding

What should you do to indicate that a casualty has received a tourniquet

Mark his or her forehead with a T and if possible, note the time of the application of the tourniquet

How can you prevent athlete's foot?

Keep your feet clean, use foot powder and change socks daily

What are the signs and symptoms of heat cramps

1. Cramping in the extremities (arms and legs)
2. Abdominal Cramps (stomach)
3. Excessive Sweating

What is the treatment for heat cramps

1. Move the casualty to a cool, shady area or improvise shade if none is available.
2. Loosen his clothing (if not in a chemical environment)
In a chemical environment, transport the heat casualty to a non-contaminated area as soon as the mission permits.

What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion

1. Excessive sweating with pale, moist, cool skin
2. Headache
3. Weakness
4. Dizziness
5. Loss of appetite
6. Cramping
7. Nausea (with or without vomiting)
8. Urge to defecate
9. Chills (Gooseflesh)
10. Rapid Breathing
11. Tingling of Hands/Feet
12. Confu

Treatment for heat stroke

Move to a cool shady area
Loosen it remove clothing
Spray or pour water on person
Massage extremities to increase blood flow
Elevating his legs
Having him slowly drink water
Seek medical assistance

If a casualty were suspected of having a neck/spinal injury or severe head trauma, which method would you use for opening an airway?

The jaw thrust technique, because in most cases it can be done without extending the neck

What are three types of bleeding

1. Arterial- Blood is bright red and will spurt with each heart beat
2. Venous- Blood is dark red and flows in a steady stream
3. Capillary- Blood oozes from the wound

What are some signs/symptoms of shock?

1. Clammy skin (cool, pale and damp)
2. Restlessness and nervousness
3. Thirst
4. Loss of blood
5. Confusion
6. Fast breathing
7. Nausea or vomiting
8. Blotched or bluish skin (especially around the mouth and lips)
9. Often perspires freely
10. May pass o

What is the treatment for shock

P.E.L.C.R.N." (Pronounced Pell-Crin)
Position the casualty on their back
Elevate the Legs
Loosen clothing at neck waist or wherever it is binding
Climatize (prevent too hot or too cold)
Reassure (keep the casualty calm)
Notify medical personnel (Help, Ge

What is a heat injury?

A loss of water and salt, loss of sweat while personnel work in the heat, a general dehydration of the body

What is the greatest prevention measure for disease?

Cleanliness

What is CPR

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it is used to restore a heart beat

Why is AIDS

AIDS is the end stage of the HIV infection

What is the first indication of frostbite?

Skin becomes numb and white particles/patches form on it

What do you do to treat frost bite

Remove clothing from the affected area, warm with body heat, dress the area and seek additional medical help