Somatic Cell Division

Undergoes Nuclear (mitosis); Cytoplasmic (cytokinesis). Any cell but a reproductive cell. Replaces dead or injured cells & is replaced with new ones.

Reproductive Cell Division

Undergoes Nuclear (meiosis); Cytoplasmic (cytokinesis). Occurs only in reproductive cells.

Cell Cycle (the 3 stages)

Interphase: G1 (Growth), S (sythesis), G2 (Growth). All the events of life of a cell.

Cell Cycle

Mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

Mitosis

4 Stages: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase; two daughter cells have the same genetic info, they divide.

Prophase

Chromatin coil into chromosomes; Nucleoli & nuclear membrane disappear; Centrioles separate & move to opposite poles of cell; Mitotic spindle forms. (Mitosis)

Metaphase

Centromeres of chromatid pairs line up at the middle of the cell. (Mitosis)

Anaphase

Centromeres divide & identical sets of chromosomes move to opposite poles. (Mitosis)

Telophase

Chromosomes resume chromatin threadlike shape; Nuclear membrane re-appears; Encloses chromatin (DNA); Nucleolus reappears; Mitotic spindle breaks up. (Mitosis)

Cytokinesis

Cleavage furrow forms around center of cell, separates cytoplasm into two separate & usually portions (daughter cells). The division of cytoplasm. (Mitosis)

Cell Cycle completed in how many hours?

20 hours (interphase 19 hours), (mitosis 1 hour).

Interphase

Replication of chromosomes (DNA); normal cell activities; time between cell divisions.

Early Prophase

Nuclear envelope begins to disappear; Nucleolus disappears; Chromatin condenses to chromosomes. A continuous process.

Late Prophase

Centrioles separate & move to opposite sides of cell; spindle fibers form between centrioles.

Metaphase

Chromosomes line up in middle of cell; attached to spindle by centromeres.

Anaphase

Centromeres divide; identical sets of chromosomes move to opposite poles of cell; pulled away from eachother; Single chromosomes; separation of centromeres.

Telophase

Chromosomes resume chromatin form; Nuclear membrane reappears; Nucleous reappears; Spindle breaks up; two cells next to eachother; the division of cytoplasm.

Cytokinesis

Cleavage furrow forms around center of cell, separates cytoplasm into two daughter cells.

I P M A T

I will pass my anatomy test" I = interphase, P = prophase,
M = Metaphase, A = anaphase, & T = telophase.

Chromosome

Several thread-like bodies consisting of chromatin that carry the gene's in a linear order. Human's have 23 pairs.

Chromatin

The substance of a cell nucleus, consisting of DNA, RNA, and various proteins, that forms chromosomes during cell division.

Chromatid

One of two identical chromosomal strands into which a chromosome splits longitudinally preparatory to cell division.