Storytelling
type of speech that tells a story
Dynamism
being energetic and enthusiastic
limit/narrow
cutting out things so you can cover your topic effectively
spatial
the organization of things according to their position in space
manuscript
a speech that is written out completely and recited word for word by memory
persuade
the attempt to convince others to do something or to change a belief of their own free will
monotone
no change in your voice; no expressiveness
opinion
personal beliefs or attitudes
clincher
the ending of a speech that can be a fact, question, etc.
vocalized pauses
meaningless sounds that speakers make to fill time
ethical
society's guidelines for right, just, and moral behaviors
persuasion
using logical reasoning and emotional appeals to convince your listeners to agree with you
masking
adopting facial expressions normally associated with one feeling to disguise other, true feelings
summary
at the end of a speech, sums up your main points
physical
any sound that prevents a person from being heard
conclusion
the ending of a speech; contains the summary and clincher
sound waves
something that sound travels through; verbal messages are sent through these
figurative
not using the literal use of words; metaphorical
topical
a topic is broken down into parts that are arranged in an order determined by the speaker
introduction
the beginning of a speech; contains the attention-getter and thesis preview�
thesis-preview
the goal of the speech plus the main points
heckler
a person who tries purposely to disturb a speaker
stage fright
the nervousness that speakers feel before and during the presentation of their speeches
quotation
a statement of someone's exact words
body
the part of a speech that contains all of the main ideas and supporting information
receiver
the person who receives a message and decodes it
semantic
words that trigger strong negative feelings against the speaker or the speech
gestures
movements that flow naturally during a speech
body language
part of nonverbal communication that include facial expressions, eye contact, gestures, posture and movement
interpersonal
communication that occurs between two or more people
encode
the process of turning ideas and feelings into verbal and nonverbal symbols
manipulation
the devious management of facts for your own purpose; withholding key information and presenting half truth
decode
finding the meaning of verbal and nonverbal signals
brainstorming
quickly listing possibilities about a topic without stopping to evaluate each one
attention-getter
the first part of an introduction that gets the audience's attention by using a startling statement, quote, story, etc.
audiovisual aids
resources that a speaker uses to clarify or to add to the verbal presentation of a speech
evidence
material that establishes the soundness of each reason
extemporaneous
a speech that is fully outlined and practiced but not memorized
environment
all features of the immediate surroundings
sender
the person who sends a message and does the encoding
nonverbal
a type of communication that uses gestures, facial expressions, and tone of voice instead of words to communicate meaning
process/demonstration
an informative speech that explains how to do something, how to make something, or how something works
outline
a short skeleton of a speech
informative speech
a speech that provides information to an audience
resonate
filled with a deep, reverberating sound
anecdote
a brief, often amusing, story
inform
tell an audience about a subject; the general purpose of an informative speech
psychological
thoughts and feeling that distract people from listening to what is being said
chronological
a pattern for arranging details or events according to the order in which they happen in time
appearance
the way that someone or something looks; a major part of a first impression
transitions
words that help your move smoothly from one idea to the next
monologue
a scene from a movie or play that has one character making a long speech
emotional appeal
affect how the people in the audience feel
credibility
the amount of trust and belief the speaker inspires in an audience; the quality of being believable
3 types of noise
physical, psychological, semantic
Monroe's motivated sequence
action, attention, need, satisfy, visualize
jargon
the specialized vocabulary that is understood by people in a particular group or field
3 general speech purposes
Persuade, inform, entertain
3 ways to build credibility
Competency, sincerity, dynamism
4 spaces
intimate- 18 in, personal- 18 in-4 ft., social- 4-12 ft., public- 12+ ft.