arius
a priest from alexandria greatly influenced by greek philosophy
apologists
Defenders of the faithful
Manicheanism
A form of Gnosticism; A heresy that said good spirits were trapped in reality and for them to be released you must destroy the objects they are trapped in.
St. Augustine of Hippo
Father and Doctor of the Church; one of the most influential men in the history of the Church; converted after a life of sinful habits; wrote Confessions
Diaspora
the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel after babylonian captivity
St. Ambrose
Bishop of Milan; wrote many early church hymns
Marcion
A second-century Christian scholar and evangelist, later labeled a heretic for his docetic Christology and his belief in two Gods-- the harsh legalistic God of the Jews and the merciful loving God of Jesus-- views that he claimed to have found in the writ
Council of Jerusalem
the first church council, which was called to resolve the growing controversy over whether or not gentile christians would have to observe jewish law
Nag Hammadi texts
Place in Northern Egypt (Nag Hammadi) where in 1945, these books were found buried that mentioned Jesus. Goes back to 2nd and 3rd century AD known as the Gnostic Gospels.
Gnosticism
A group of heretical religious movements that claimed salvation comes from secret knowledge available only to the elite initiated in that religion
stephen
First Christian martyr
Benedict
Man who created rules for how a monk should live; father of western monasticism
Weltanschuauung
world view
selbstbewusstein
observation of self
Hellenistic Jewish Christians
greek jewish christians; first group to be persecuted in the church
Ora et Labora
Pray and work; summary of the Rule of St. Benedict
gospel
Means "good news
Models of the Church
Institution, Community, Sacrament, Servant, Herald
Clement VII
Pope who refused to grant the annulment of the marriage between King Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon; looked to restore harmony in corinthian church
Shepherd of Hermas
The work of early Christian fathers which comprises five visions, twelve mandates, and ten parables. It relies on allegory and pays special attention to the Church, calling the faithful to repent of the sins that have harmed it.
St. Jermone
a Latin priest, confessor, theologian, and historian; best known for his translation of the Bible into Latin
church
the community of people who believe in Jesus Christ, have been baptized in him, and follow his teachings
Pontifex Maximus
the high priest of Rome, the head of Roman state religion; he appointed and oversaw the vestal virgins.
Nestorius
Bishop of Constantinople who called for the council of Ephesus because he believed Jesus was 2 persons, started Nestorian branch.
Which pope took the title "pontifex maximus"?
Pope Leo the Great
Gamaliel
Greatest of the Jewish scholars in the first century; taught St. Paul the Old Testament.
Didache
A word that means "teaching" that described oral teaching to those who had already accepted Jesus.
Eusebius
Bishop and historian of the church. Most famous for his history of the church written in the 4th century AD
Pelagius
(ca. 360-420) - British monk who debated with Augustine over the nature of the human will. Pelagius taught that human nature is essentially good, that humans can avoid sinning, and that humans can freely choose to obey God's commands. He was condemned as
Chrysostom
Moniker of St. John meaning "golden mouthed" it refers to the saints extraordinary preaching skills
Pope Leo the Great
A father and Doctor of the Church whose writings defended against heresy, he consolidated the papal power and took bold positions against barbarian invaders. Convinced the Vandals not to burn Rome.
Lombards
Germanic people who had settled in northern Italy and were pushing south, threatening Rome; crushed by Charlemagne, earning him the papacy's gratitude
Nicaea
the first enemy city confronted by the Crusaders
Monophysitism
A heresy arising in the fifth century that claimed there is only one nature in the Person of Christ, his human nature having been incorporated into his divine nature
Arianism
A heresy developed in the late third century that denied Christ's full divinity, stating that Christ was a created being who was superior to human beings but inferior to God.
Apostates
people who renounced their faith
Clovis
5th century Frankish leader of a large kingdom who converted to Christianity
Missionary Activity
The process of preaching and proclaiming the Gospel of Jesus Christ to the whole world.
Monasticism
A way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith
Epistle
a letter or literary composition in letter form
Edict of Milan
313 CE Constantine makes Christianity the primary religion of the Roman Empire
Perpetua and Felicity
Heifer, young mothers, thrown into arena, gored by a cow, wrote diary of imprisonment
Neronian Persecution
time period around 60 AD, Christians are targeted and killed by Nero
Monica
Mother of Augustine
synoptic
Seen together
Acts of the Apostles
New Testament book that gives an account of events in the early Church; written by Luke