Dental Dam
A thin, stretchable latex material that acts as a barrier when appropriate applied to selected teeth.
T/F Only selected teeth are visible through the dam
True
Indications of Use
-Infection control barrier
-Safeguard for the patient's mouth
-Protection from accidental inhalation or swallowing of debris
-Protection from contamination for the tooth
-Moisture control device
-Improve access, visibility, efficiency
Dental Dam Material
Latex or latex free material
Size
Adults- 6x6
Children- 5x5
T/F Dental dams are available in a range of colors, from light to dark, scents and flavors
True
Thicknesses (gauges)
thin, medium, heavy
Dental Dam Frame
Stabilizes and stretches the dam so it fits tightly around the teeth and out of the operator's way
Dam Frame's
Available in plastic/metal frames
-U-shaped
-Young
-Otsby
Dental Dam Napkin
Increases patient comfort by absorbing moisture between the patient's face and the dam
Napkin Purpose
Increase patient comfort by absorbing moisture
-Also helps reduce the risk of latex sensitivity
Lubricants
Placed on patients lips to ensure patient comfort
-Zinc Oxide or Petroleum Jelly
T/F water soluble lubricant is placed on the underside of the dam to help the dam material slide over the teeth through the interproximal spaces
True
5 Punch Hole
largest hole for clamp
4 Punch Hole
Large hole (molars)
3 Punch Hole
Medium hole (premolars)
2 Punch Hole
Small Hole (maxillary anteriors)
1 Punch Hole
Smallest Hole (mandibular anteriors)
Bow
Rounded part of clamp that extends through the dental dam
Jaws
Part of a clamp that is shaped into four prongs to help stabilize the clamp on the tooth.
Winged clamp
Type of dental dam clamp that has extensions to help retain the dental dam
Anterior Clamp
9, W9
Premolar Clamp
00, W00, 2, W2
Molar Clamp (Maxillary)
8, W8
Molar Clamp (Mandibular)
7, W7
____ is a hard mineralized deposit attached to the teeth.
Calculus
A(n) _____ is the complete removal of calculus, debris, stain, and plaque from the teeth.
Oral Prophylaxis
The portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity is the?
Clinical Crown
______ occur within the tooth structure and may not be removed by polishing.
Instrinsic stains
____ occur on the external surfaces of the teeth and may be removed by polishing.
Extrinsic stains
The ___ is a position that provides stability for the operator.
Fulcrum
_____ is a technique used to remove plaque and stains from the coronal surfaces of teeth.
Rubber Cup Polishing
What is the purpose of coronal polishing?
to remove stains and plaque
An oral prophylaxis includes?
removal of calculus and debris
What is the purpose of selective polishing?
To polish only teeth with stain
Stains that may be removed from the surfaces of the teeth are?
Extrinsic
Stains that cannot be removed from the surfaces of the teeth are?
Intrinsic
Which is the most common technique for stain removal?
Rubber cup polishing
Which grasp is used to hold the handpiece?
Pen grasp
What is the purpose of a fulcrum?
To provide stability to the hand
What precaution should be taken when one is using a bristle brush?
Not to traumatize the tissue
One which tooth surface should coronal polishing begin?
Occlusal surface of most posterior
What damage can result from using the prophy angle at high speed?
it can cause friction heat
How should the patient's head be positioned for access to the maxillary anterior teeth?
Chin upward
A type of drug used in dentistry that produces a temporary loss of feeling or sensation is a(n)?
Anesthetic
_____ is a method to determine the measurement of the oxygen concentration in the blood.
Oximetry
The time from induction of an anesthetic to its complete reversal is its?
Duration
The _____ is the standard dimension or measurement of the thickness of an injection needle.
Gauge
The _____ is a measurement of the amount of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath during N2O/02.
Tidal Volume
_____ is a temporary loss of feeling or sensation.
Anesthesia
A(n) ____ is a type of drug to prolong anesthetic action and constrict blood vessels.
Vasoconstrictor
To spread or flow throughout is to?
Permeate
______ is determing the exact amount of drug to use to achieve a desired level of sedation.
Titrate
Something that is ____ will have openings to allow gas or fluid to pass through.
Pourous
______ is the supply or distribution of nerves to the jaw or specific body part.
Innervation
The ____ is the hollow center of the injection needle.
Lumen
The time from injection to the point at which anesthesia takes effect is the ?
Induction
_____ is the absence of feeling pain without being unconcious.
Analgesia
Topical Anesthetics are used in dentistry for?
Numbing surface tissue
The most frequently selected form of pain control used in dentistry is?
Local Anesthesia
Local anesthetics are injected near ____ to create a numbing effect.
A nerve
What can be added to a local anesthetic solution to prolong its physiologic effect?
Epinephrine
What type of injection technique would the dentist most frequently use on a small area of maxillary teeth?
Infiltration
What needle sizes are most commonly used in dentistry?
1 inch to 1 5/8 inch needle
Is it common for a patient with an acute infection in a tooth to feel the numbing sensation of local anesthesia?
No
What type of condition is paresthesia?
Numbness that last longer than normal
The first dentist to offer N2O/02 to his partiens was?
Horace Wells
How could the dental team be at risk for exposure to N2O/O2 in a dental office?
Leaking or escaping of gases from the nasal mask, patient's inhalation of gases, Leaking of gases from the hoses
The patient should receive _____ at the beginning and end of an N2O/O2 sedation procedure?
Oxygen
What level or stage of anesthesia will a patient reach if he or she is relaxed and fully conscious?
Analgesia
What stage of consciousness should a patient reach during general anesthesia?
Stage III
In what environment would general anesthesia be most safely administered to a dental patient?
Hospital or surgical center
The tank or cylinder of ____ is always color-coded green.
Oxygen
Anesthetic cartridges should be
enclosed in their packaging before use
______ anesthesia is achieved by injecting the anesthetic into the posterior superior alveolar nerve.
Block
A _____ needle is commonly used for infiltration injections.
1 inch
The recommended for of topical anesthetic for controlling a gag reflex would be?
Spray
A used or contaminated needle is to be discarded in the?
Sharps container
What size needle is used for Maxillary?
1 inch
What size needle is used for Mandibular?
1 5/8 inch
____ includes proper nutrition and a plaque control program.
Preventive Dentistry
A ____ is a coloring agent that is applied to teeth to make plaque visible.
disclosing agent
A coating that covers the occlusal pits and fissures
dental sealant
fluoride that is ingested and circulated throughout the body is
Systemic fluoride
____ is fluoride that is applied directly to the teeth.
Topical Fluoride
What is the goal of preventive dentistry?
To have a healthy mouth
What is one of the most common dental diseases?
Dental Caries
What is the goal of a patient education program?
to teach patients how to take care of their teeth and develop sound dental habits
Dental sealants are?
made of a hard covering that is placed in the pits and fissures of teeth
fluoride combats decay by?
Slowing remineralization & Enhancing remineralization
What technique is used in the dental office to provide fluoride treatment?
Topical
What dental condition is the result of too much fluoride?
Fluorosis
What precaution is necessary for the child who is using fluoridated toothpaste?
Making sure the child does not swallow the toothpaste
What is the key dietary factor that relates to dental caries?
sugar
How do sugar-free sodas relate to dental caries?
increase acidity
Wheat can patients do daily to remove plaque?
Brush and Floss
what type of toothbrush bristles are recommended
soft nylon
Which method of toothbrushing is generally recommended?
modified bass
What is dental tape?
A flat-type interproximal dental aid
What type of dental floss is most effective?
Waxed, unwaxed
What can be used to clean dentures?
commercial denture cleaner, mild soap, dishwashing liquid
Which of the following is recommended after meal and snacks when toothbrushing and flossing are not possible?
Rinse with water
Fluoride varnish is used with which group of patients?
Patients of any age