What can cause the teeth to protrude forward?
Tongue thrust
Thumb sucking
Ortho is a dental specialist whose practice is limited to the
Interception and tx of malocclusion and surrounding structures
What level of education does an orthodontist have?
DDS or DMD plus 2 to 3 yr. program following DDS degree
The American Association of Ortho recommends that all children have an ortho check up no later than
7 years old
Why do they recommend children have an ortho checkup no later than 7?
By age 7, the molars and anterior teeth are in and can be assessed as a whole
Early ortho intervention can
Influence the jaw growth in a positive manner
Harmonize width of dental arches
Improve eruption patterns
Lower risk of trauma to protruded upper incisors
Correct harmful oral habits
Improve aesthetics and self esteem
Simplify and/or shorten tx time for la
What are the different types of ortho options?
1. Traditional metal braces
2. Clear braces
3. Invisalign
What is different about Invisalign compared to traditional braces?
It doesn't correct occlusion or bite problems, only aligns misaligned teeth so not recommended by DDS often
What is the metal wire that's attached to the brackets that move your teeth called?
Arch wire
What is the #1 way to clean between the arch wire of braces?
AIR POLISH!
What is the metal ring that's placed on some teeth to hold wires or other parts of braces called?
Band
What part is the metal or ceramic fixture that is bonded onto the tooth and serves as a way of connecting the arch wire to the teeth?
Bracket
If you accidentally scratch the bracket, what can you do to make it aesthetic again?
Air polish it after
How do you clean a patient with braces and gingival hypertrophy?
-take the wire off
-aggressively clean
-CHX for two weeks
-if doesn't resolve then send back to get their braces off
What part is the small metal tube that is welded to the outside of a molar band?
Buccal tube
The buccal tube is a slot to hold:
Arch wires, lip bumpers, headgears and other things the dentist uses to move teeth
What is a good way to clean out the buccal tube?
Cavitron on tip
What part is a small elastic, shaped like-a donut which is used to hold the arch wires in the brackets?
Ligature
As a hygienist, we want to keep an eye out for:
-broken ligatures
This is a rubber or metal part that creates space between the teeth that will receive orthodontic bands
Separators
This is used to prevent braces from irritating lips or cheeks when braces are first put on:
Wax
These are the rubber bands attached to hooks that put additional pressure and direction on teeth:
Elastics
This is a wire apparatus used to move the upper MOLARS back in the arch to create room for crowded or protruded from teeth:
Headgear
This is used to move the lower molars back to create space for other teeth. It consists of a metal arc that has plastic mold attached to the front. The wire is placed into the buccal tubes on the lower molars, while the plastic mold lies behind the lips.
Lip bumper
This is a fixed or removable appliance that is used to make the upper jaw wider
Palatal Expander
Good times to clean ortho patients:
-don't get teeth cleaned after tightening
-get cleaning before brackets and then after
At what age is a palatal explander usually placed?
Before palate is fused (6,7,.8 years old)
Examples of ortho instruments:
Band Remover
Band Pusher
Distal End Cutter
Bite stick-helps seat band
What are the diagnostic tools used in ortho?
FMX, PANO, Cephalometric X-rays and tracing, Picture series, Casts (study models)
A Cephalometric Radiograph is a lateral X-ray of the head that shows
The alignment of the teeth and relationship of the teeth and jaw as well as any skeletal growth discrepancies
Is phase I full ortho?
Not usually
Phase I treatment goal is to develop the
Jaw size (for permanent teeth) and to relate the upper and lower jaws to each other.
An upper or lower jaw that is growing too much or not enough can be recognized at an early age. If children are over age 6 are found to have this jaw discrepancy they are
Good candidates for early ortho tx
Rapid growth in children can benefit enormously from
An early phase ortho to utilizing appliances that direct growth of relationship of upper and lower jaw.
Early phase ortho correction can prevent
Later removal of permanent teeth to correct overcrowding and/or surgical procedures to align the jaws
Phase I aims to correct the ortho problem so we don't have to progress to
PHase II
The goal of phase II is to
Make sure each tooth has an exact location in the mouth where its in harmony with lips, cheeks, tongue and other teeth will function properly together.
How long does Phase II usually last?
18-24 months
Why are adults with braces worse than children with braces?
Adults have perio, so with adult ortho you have to scale every single tooth
The hygienist aids the DDS in monitoring what?
Children's occlusion and tooth eruption in determining the best referral time
What are some OPT aids for ortho?
Oral irrigator
Platypus flosser
End tufted brush
Proxybrush
Threaders with floss
Superfloss
Sonicare
Powered Oral B - "power tip" for adults with perio