Therapeutic agents
Materials used to treat disease
Biocompatible
The property of a material that allows it to not impede or adversely affect living tissue
Restorative agents
Materials used to reconstruct tooth structure
Compressive force
Force applied to compress an object
Tensile force
Force applied in opposite directions to stretch an object
Shearing force
Force applied when two surfaces slide against each other or in a twisting or rotating motion
Stress
The internal force which resists the applied force
Strain
Distortion or deformation that occurs when an object cannot resist a stress
Fatigue failure
A fracture resulting from repeated stresses that produce microscopic flaws that grow
Retention
A materials ability to maintain its position without displacement under stress
Solubility
Susceptible to being dissolved
Water sorption
The ability to absorb moisture
Corrosion
Deterioration of a metal caused by a chemical attack or electrochemical reaction with dissimilar metals in the presence of a solution containing electrolytes (such as saliva)
Tarnish
Discoloration resulting from oxidation of a thin layer of a metal at its surface. It is not as destructive as corrosion
Galvanism
An electrical current transmitted between two dissimilar metals
Dimensional change
A change in the size of matter. For dental materials this usually manifests as expansion caused by heating and contraction caused by cooling
Coefficient of thermal expansion
The measurement of change of volume or length in relationship to change in temperature
Percolation
Movement of fluid in the microscopic gap of the restoration margin as a result of differences in the expansion and contraction rates of the tooth and the restoration with temperature changes associated with ingestion of cold or hot fluids or food
Thermal conductivity
The rate at which heat flows through a material
Insulators
Materials having low thermal conductivity
Exothermic reaction
The production of heat resulting from the reaction of he components of some materials when they are mixed
Adhesion
The act of sticking two things together. In density it is used to describe the bonding or the cementation process. Chemical adhesion occurs when atoms or molecules of dissimilar substances bond together and differs from cohesion in which attraction among
Bonding
To connect or fasten to bind
Wetting
The ability of a liquid to wet or intimately contact a solid surface. Water beading on a waxed car is an example of poor wetting
Viscosity
The ability of a liquid material to flow
Film thickness
The minimum thickness obtainable by a layer of a material. It is particularly important to dental cements
Surface energy
The electrical charge that attracts atoms to a sirface
Interface
The space between the walls of the preparation and the restoration
Micro leakage
Leakage of fluid and bacteria caused by microscopic gaps that occur at the interface of the tooth and the restoration margins
Hue
The color of the tooth or restoration. It may include a mixture of colors such as yellow brown
Chroma
The intensity or strength of a color. A bold yellow has more chroma than a pastel yellow
Value
How light or dark a color is. A low value is darker and a high value is brighter
Transparent
Light passing directly through an object
Opaque
Optical property in which light is completely absorbed by an object
Translucency
Varying degrees of light passing through and being absorbed by an object
Vitality
A life like quality
Compressive force
Force applied to compress an object. Posterior teeth are ideally suited for this type of force. The large occlusal surface and the multi rooted base will resist a crushing force
Tensile force
Force applied in opposite directions to stretch an object. When biting forces are used to stretch a material the tooth is exerting tensile force. Chewing gum
Shearing force
Force applied when two surfaces slide against each other or in a twisting or rotating motion. And incisor used for cutting is an example of shearing force
Strain
Ortho
Normal pH of saliva ranges from 6.2 - 7
A
The breakdown of most restorative materials is directly related to the effects of moisture, acid, and stress
A
The retention of a material is its ability to maintain its position without displacement when under stress
A
Mechanical retention involves the use of undercuts or other projections into which the material is locked into place
A
Our eyes sense light through the cone cells in the retina in three different ranges of wavelength
Red, green, and blue
The safe interaction of dental materials with the rest of the body is defined as the materials
Biocompatible
The study of dental materials consists of
The chemical reaction of the material, the physical reaction of the material, the manipulation of the material
The internal reaction to an externally applied force is
Stress
Which of the following restorative materials is most likely to fracture under compressive stress
Porcelain
Which of the following restorative materials is the least soluble
Porcelain
Corrosion is of greatest concern for which of the following restorative materials
Amalgam
Surface discoloration of a metal restoration is called
Tarnish
An example of galvanism is
Amalgam contacting gold
Micro leakage may be responsible for
Recurrent decay, marginal staining, postoperative sensitivity
An excessive film thickness may cause
Improper seating of the restoration
The leakage of fluids and debris extending along the tooth restoration interface is called
Micro leakage
Materials used for the restoration of enamel need hight
Vitality
Color shades can vary depending on the incident light or source of light. This effect is called
Metamerism
Therapeutic agents
Materials used to treat disease
Biocompatible
The property of a material that allows it to not impede or adversely affect living tissue
Restorative agents
Materials used to reconstruct tooth structure
Compressive force
Force applied to compress an object
Tensile force
Force applied in opposite directions to stretch an object
Shearing force
Force applied when two surfaces slide against each other or in a twisting or rotating motion
Stress
The internal force which resists the applied force
Strain
Distortion or deformation that occurs when an object cannot resist a stress
Fatigue failure
A fracture resulting from repeated stresses that produce microscopic flaws that grow
Retention
A materials ability to maintain its position without displacement under stress
Solubility
Susceptible to being dissolved
Water sorption
The ability to absorb moisture
Corrosion
Deterioration of a metal caused by a chemical attack or electrochemical reaction with dissimilar metals in the presence of a solution containing electrolytes (such as saliva)
Tarnish
Discoloration resulting from oxidation of a thin layer of a metal at its surface. It is not as destructive as corrosion
Galvanism
An electrical current transmitted between two dissimilar metals
Dimensional change
A change in the size of matter. For dental materials this usually manifests as expansion caused by heating and contraction caused by cooling
Coefficient of thermal expansion
The measurement of change of volume or length in relationship to change in temperature
Percolation
Movement of fluid in the microscopic gap of the restoration margin as a result of differences in the expansion and contraction rates of the tooth and the restoration with temperature changes associated with ingestion of cold or hot fluids or food
Thermal conductivity
The rate at which heat flows through a material
Insulators
Materials having low thermal conductivity
Exothermic reaction
The production of heat resulting from the reaction of he components of some materials when they are mixed
Adhesion
The act of sticking two things together. In density it is used to describe the bonding or the cementation process. Chemical adhesion occurs when atoms or molecules of dissimilar substances bond together and differs from cohesion in which attraction among
Bonding
To connect or fasten to bind
Wetting
The ability of a liquid to wet or intimately contact a solid surface. Water beading on a waxed car is an example of poor wetting
Viscosity
The ability of a liquid material to flow
Film thickness
The minimum thickness obtainable by a layer of a material. It is particularly important to dental cements
Surface energy
The electrical charge that attracts atoms to a sirface
Interface
The space between the walls of the preparation and the restoration
Micro leakage
Leakage of fluid and bacteria caused by microscopic gaps that occur at the interface of the tooth and the restoration margins
Hue
The color of the tooth or restoration. It may include a mixture of colors such as yellow brown
Chroma
The intensity or strength of a color. A bold yellow has more chroma than a pastel yellow
Value
How light or dark a color is. A low value is darker and a high value is brighter
Transparent
Light passing directly through an object
Opaque
Optical property in which light is completely absorbed by an object
Translucency
Varying degrees of light passing through and being absorbed by an object
Vitality
A life like quality
Compressive force
Force applied to compress an object. Posterior teeth are ideally suited for this type of force. The large occlusal surface and the multi rooted base will resist a crushing force
Tensile force
Force applied in opposite directions to stretch an object. When biting forces are used to stretch a material the tooth is exerting tensile force. Chewing gum
Shearing force
Force applied when two surfaces slide against each other or in a twisting or rotating motion. And incisor used for cutting is an example of shearing force
Strain
Ortho
Normal pH of saliva ranges from 6.2 - 7
A
The breakdown of most restorative materials is directly related to the effects of moisture, acid, and stress
A
The retention of a material is its ability to maintain its position without displacement when under stress
A
Mechanical retention involves the use of undercuts or other projections into which the material is locked into place
A
Our eyes sense light through the cone cells in the retina in three different ranges of wavelength
Red, green, and blue
The safe interaction of dental materials with the rest of the body is defined as the materials
Biocompatible
The study of dental materials consists of
The chemical reaction of the material, the physical reaction of the material, the manipulation of the material
The internal reaction to an externally applied force is
Stress
Which of the following restorative materials is most likely to fracture under compressive stress
Porcelain
Which of the following restorative materials is the least soluble
Porcelain
Corrosion is of greatest concern for which of the following restorative materials
Amalgam
Surface discoloration of a metal restoration is called
Tarnish
An example of galvanism is
Amalgam contacting gold
Micro leakage may be responsible for
Recurrent decay, marginal staining, postoperative sensitivity
An excessive film thickness may cause
Improper seating of the restoration
The leakage of fluids and debris extending along the tooth restoration interface is called
Micro leakage
Materials used for the restoration of enamel need hight
Vitality
Color shades can vary depending on the incident light or source of light. This effect is called
Metamerism