Enantiomers
non superimposable mirror image stereoisomer
Stereoisomer
(cis and trans) have some connectivity, but differ in their arrangement space
Nonsuperimposable
molecules cannot be placed on top of each other and give the same molecule
Structural isomers
same molecular formula, but differ in connectivity
Diastereomers
stereoisomers that are not enantiomers
Meso compounds
have chiral atoms, but are achiral due to a plane of symmetry or an inversion center
Diastereomers can only be separated by what?
normal chromatography
Enantiomers can be separated by what?
resolution
Racemic mixtures
equal quantities of R and S enantiomers (only chiral)
Greek word for "handed
chiral
When molecule and mirror image are identical?
achiral
A C atoms with 4 different groups bonded to it is considered what?
stereogenic
What is the # of alkyl groups attached to double bonds?
degree of substitution
What states that there is an absence of molecules with double bonds at the bridgehead position?
Bredt's rule
Terminal alkynes are strong what donors?
proton (acidic behavior)
What is a material that increases the rate of the reaction without being consumed?
catalyst
What is the construction of target molecules from smaller pieces?
synthesis
What are interconvertible through rotations around a bond within a molecule?
conformational isomers
What are molecules with the same formula, but different connectivities?
constitutional isomers
What is thalidomide now used for?
cancer therapy and anti-leprosy agent
For the heats of formation of hexenes, the more substituted the double bond is, what?
the more stable the molecule is
Is cis or trans more stable?
trans
For properties of simple alkenes, the more Carbons it has, the what?
more stable it is
If the melting point is higher, then the intermolecular forces are what?
stronger
What is the general method for separating the constituent enantiomers of a racemic mixture?
resolution
Acidity of alkynes deals with what?
percent s character
Flow Chart: Given A and B, if they don't have the same molecular formula, what does that mean?
they are not isomers
Flow Chart: Given A and B, if they have the same molecular formula, but the connections aren't to the same atoms, they are what?
constitutional isomers
Flow Chart: Given A and B, if they have the same molecular formula, and the connections are all to the same atoms, and A and B ARE superimposable, what does that mean?
A and B are identical, might be meso compounds
Flow Chart: Given A and B, if they have the same molecular formula, and the connections are all to the same atoms, and A and B are NOT superimposable, they could be what?
mirror images
Flow Chart: Given A and B, if they have the same molecular formula, and the connections are all to the same atoms, and A and B are NOT superimposable, and they ARE mirror images, what does this mean?
A and B are enantiomers
Flow Chart: Given A and B, if they have the same molecular formula, and the connections are all to the same atoms, and A and B are NOT superimposable, and they ARE NOT mirror images, what does this mean?
A and B are diastereomers