matter
the stuff you see all around you
matter
anything that takes up space and has mass is_______.
atoms
All matter is made up of_______.
physical properties
can be measured without changing the substance into something new
substance
no new __________ is created
intensive
doesn't depend on the size of the substance (ex: color, density, and melting point)
extensive
does depend on the size (ex: volume or mass)
mass g
volume cm
Density=_________/_________
it doesn't matter how much of the substance you're measuring
why is density an intensive property?
melting point
at what temperature does the substance melt
boiling point
at what point does the substance boil
0�C
at what temperature does ice melt?
100�C
at what temperature does water boil?
color
_______ is another example of a physical (intensive) property that can be used to identity the substance
why are melting and boiling points intensive properties?
they don't depend on size of the substance
mixture
________physically combined and can be easily separated like air
a new substance will be created
an easy way to remember if something is a chemical property is that
atoms
______are rearranged to form new products
reactants
reacting substances
products
new substances that are formed are called_________
gas formation
color/odor change
change in temperature
precipitate
changes that could indicate that a chemical reaction has taken place:
precipatate
solids forming is called__________
energy
it takes__________ to rearrange atoms in a chemical reaction
number
type
the same_________ and ________ of atoms at the end of a reaction as were present at the beginning
arranged
the only change is in how the atoms are ___________
created
destroyed
Matter cannot be ________ or _______
New products
It can only be arranged to form_______________
how many atoms there are
The smaller number after the atom tell you
Subscript
Tells you the ratio of elements in the compound
2
How many hydrogen atoms in H2O
2
How many oxygen atoms are in CO2
exothermic
Chemical reactions that give off heat
endothermic
Chemical reactions that take in heat from their surroundings
Energy
the ability to do work
light
sound
kinetic
potential
Energy comes from different forms like
Thermal energy
Another way of describing the total kinetic energy of all the atoms
atoms
In Kinetic energy all matter is made up of________.
moving
In Kinetic atoms are constantly___________
solid
In a ______ atoms are closely packed together
vibrate
They are in a fixed position (in a solid) but can still
liquid
In a ______ there are less bonds between atoms
Gas
In a ______ the atoms are completely free to move
Melting
change from a solid to a liquid
Evaporation
The change of a substance from a liquid to a gas
Condensing
Gas changes to a liquid
Freezing
Liquid changes to a solid
Heat from the room makes the atoms in the ice vibrate so much that it breaks some of the bonds allowing the atoms to slide past each other
Why does ice melt in a room but not in a freezer?
Energy
The faster an atom moves the more _______ it has
heat from the sun causes the atoms in liquid water to vibrate so much that they break the bonds holding them together to become a gas
Why does a puddle of water evaporate in the sun
transfer
When atoms collide they ____ energy and change direction
Temperature
The average kinetic energy of all the atoms is what we call_____________.
Heat
In science ________ means the energy that is transferred from one object to another
warm
cold
Heat always moves from a ______ object to a ______ object
cold
_______doesn't really exist!
absence
Cold is just the_________of heat
Conduction
When the energy is transferred from one atom into another in a solid
Convection
When heat is transferred by the atoms in a liquid or gas taking the heat with them as they move
radiation
All objects give off heat by infrared_________.
Pressure
The faster that the atoms or molecules move the more they'll collide with the container and each other
Heat
You can increase the pressure of a gas by adding energy in the form of ______
decreases
Lower pressure _______ the boiling point
increases
Increased pressure ______ the boiling point