Lymphatic system function
returns excess interstitial fluid (lymph) to blood
transports dietary lipids from digestive system to blood
carries out immune responses
Lymphatic system components
lymph: fluid
lymphatic vessels
lymphatic organs and tissues
Lymphatic vessels function?
transport lymph
-capillaries, vessels, trunks , and ducts
Lymphatic Organs and tissues two types?
PRIMARY: red bone marrow and thymus
SECONDARY: lymph nodes spleen lymphatic nodules
Primary ?
red bone marrow and thymus
Secondary:
lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic nodules
what is within lymph vessels?
interstitial fluid
What are components of lymoh?
includes most components of blood plasma; reduced protein
_____ fluid filters out of blood capillaries then is _____?
More fluid filters out of blood capillaries then in reabsorbed
How many liters of interstitial fluid drains into lymph vessels daily?
3 liters
Through what is interstitial fluid drained back into blood stream?
lymph vessels
Same pump that assist with venous returns assist with ?
lymph flow
Lymphatic capiilaries
smallest component
closed ended tubes located near most blood capillaries
endothelial cells overlap
endothelial cells overlap in lymphatic capillaries allowing?
allow interstitial fluid to flow in but not out
Lymphatic capillaries merge to form ?
lymph vessels
LActeals?
LYMPH capillaries in small intestine (carry chyle)
Lymphatic vessels form from?
lymph capillaries
Lymphatic vessels contain ?
valves to prevent back flow
resemble veins (thinner walls more valves)
lymph nodes along vessels
Lymphatic vessels tend to?
Follow same route as veins in hypodermis and arteries in viscera
Lymphatic trunks merge from ?
LYMPHATIC vessels after lymphatic vessel exits lymph nodes
Lymphatic drain major body region into one of two typles of ducts?
Thoracic duct
Right lymphatic duct
What are the types of principal trunks?
Lumbar
intestinal
bronchomediastinal
subclavian
jugular
Two main channels drain lymph into veins ?
thoracic duct
right lymphatic duct
thoracic duct?
begin at cicterni chyli
largest duct
main duct for returning lymph to blood ; recieves from all left trunks and lower right trunks
Thoracic duct drians into what junctions?
Left internal jugular vein and left subclavian vein
Right lymphatic duct recieves from ?
right jugular, right subclavian, right brochomediastinal trunks
Right lymphatic duct drains into?
right internal jugular vein, right subclavian vein
Lyphatic organs/tissues Primary
site of stem cell division and immuncompetece (developing a sense of self vs non self antigens)
Lyphatic organs/tissues Primary develop ability to ?
mount immune response
Lyphatic organs/tissues Primary
Red bone marrow contians?
Mature B cells and Immature T cells
Lyphatic organs/tissues Primary
In thymus T cells?
mature and differientiate
Where is the thymus located?
mediastinum, between sternum and aorta
The thymus _____ after puberty?
Populates secondary lymphatic organs and tissues with ?
atrophies
T cells
Lyphatic organs/tissues Secondary are where ? and include
most immune responses occur and include lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic nodules
MALT
Tonsils
Lymph nodes location?
along lymoh vessels often in clusters receiving from regions
Lymph enter through _____ vessels and is ______, and exits through ______ vessels/
afferent, filtered and efferent
Lymph nodes are the site of?
proliferation of B cells and T cells
What is the largest of the lymphatic tissue?
spleen
What is the function of the spleen ?
to filter blood
How does the spleen filter blood?
Macrophages destroy pathogens, B cells and T cells perform immune functions.
Macrophages in spleen remove what?
worn RBC anf platelets (red pulp)
Lyphatic Nodules are not _____, but rather ?
capsule or organ but a tissue
Lymphatic nodules are scattered through?
MUCOSA (MALT)
tonsils is an example of ?
lymphatic nodules
located around pharynx
protect against inhaled/ingested foreign substances
Lymphatic/Lymphoid cells are located in ?
lymphatic and cardiovascular systems
Lymphatic/Lymphoid cells function
work together to elicit an immune response
types of Lymphatic/Lymphoid cells?
Macrophages and dendritic cells that are derived from monocytes
Epithelial cells
Lymohcytes
Function of Epithelial cells in lymphatic cells?
secrete hormones and aid in t cell matuaration
lymphocytes function?
create B cells, T cells and NK cells (natural killer)
Types of lymphocytes
B cells
NK cells
T cells
B cells function?
present antigen to help T cells initiate immune response
Bacterial destruction and toxin inactivation
B cells divide and form ?
plasma cells (produce antiboides)
Memory B cells (provide long-term immunity)
NK cells function ?
attack any body cell with abnormal or unusal plasma membrane proteins
T cells types
helper T
Cytotoxic T
Memory T
supressor T
T cells function
attack viruses, fungi, transplanted cells, cancer cells and some bacteria
Helper T
secrete multiple regulatory substances affecting activity of other T cells and B cells
Cytoxic T
directly destroys microbes
Memory T
recognize foriegn antigen after initial exposure
Supressor regulartory T
inhibits B cell activity
vaccines
may introduce mildr or dead forms of an antigen
Vaccines create immune response to be
quicker and more intense after subsequent exposure
With vaccine pathogen may be ?
eliminated before symptoms bevelop
Vaccine may require _____ based on life span of particular memory B cells.
booter shots
A lymphatic capillary that picks up dietary lipids in the small intestine is called a(n)
lacteal
Which type of lymphocyte produces and secretes antibodies?
plasma bodies
Regions of MALT called Peyer patches are found in the
small intestine
Trace the path of lymph from the time it leaves the interstitial spaces to the time that it leaves the lymph nodes.
Lymphatic ducts
Lymph nodes
Lymphatic capillaries
Afferent lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic trunks
Efferent lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic capillaries
affterent lymphatic vessels
lymph nodes
efferent lymphatic vessels
lymohatic trunks
lymphatic ducts