The function of the respiratory system include:
-Providing an area for gas exchange between air and blood
-moving air to and from exchange surfaces and defending against pathogens
-producing sound and providing olfactory sensations to the CNS
-all of the
all of the above
The breathing process is called:
-cellular respiration
-pulmonary ventilation
-respiration
-systemic ventilation
respiration
The two pulmonary gases involved in the respiratory process are:
-oxygen and carbon dioxide
-carbon and nitrogen
-oxygen and nitrogen
-all of the above are correct
oxygen and carbon dioxide
The movement of gases into the blood from the lungs occurs by:
-osmosis
-metabolism
-net diffusion
-cellular respiration
net diffusion
Large airborne particles are filtered by the:
-external olfactory meatuses
-soft plate
-nasal sinuses
-nasal hairs in the vestibule of the nose
nasal hairs in the vestibule if the nose
Creating turbulence in the air to trap small particles in mucus is the function of the:
-nasal conchae
-soft palate
-nasal sinuses
-nasal hairs
nasal conchae
Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the
a. upper respiratory tract
b. lower respiratory tract
c. lungs
d. alveoli
upper respiratory tract
The pharynx contains _____ which at times swell and become infected.
tonsils
The respiratory system consists of structures that:
-provide defense from pathogenic invasion
-permit vocalization and production of other sounds
-provide olfactory sensations to the CNS
-all of the above
all of the above
Structures in the trachea that prevent its collapse or over expansion as pressure changes in the respiratory system are:
-O-shaped tracheal cartilages
-C-shaped tracheal cartilages
-irregular circular bones
-S-shaped tracheal bones
C-shaped tracheal cartilages
The openings to the nostrils are the _____.
external nares
The portion of the pharynx that receives both air and food is the _____.
oropharynx
The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the _____.
alveoli
During exhalation, the diaphragm moves:
-upward and the ribs move downward
-downward and the ribs move upward
-downward and the ribs move downward
-upward and the ribs move upward
upward and the ribs move downward
The amount of air exhaled with one forceful breath is the:
-tidal volume
-vital capacity
-residual volume
-expiratory reserve volume
vital capacity
Most of the oxygen transported by blood is:
-dissolved in plasma
-bound to hemoglobin
-carried by white blood cells
-in ionic form in the plasma
bound to hemoglobin
Increase in blood CO2
Increase
Decrease in blood O2
Increase
Increase in blood pH
Decrease
Decrease in blood pH
Increase
Raising Altitude
Increase
Exercising
Increase
What is vital capacity?
Maximum amount of air a person can move in or out of the respiratory system
How can vital capacity be calculated?
Expiratory Reserve + Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Reserve
In back of mouth, filters bacteria
Palatine tonsils
as pressure increases volume decreases
Boyle's Law
diaphragm flattens, more lung area, decrease in pressure, diffusion helps air from high to low concentration
Inspiraiton
diaphragm un-inflated decreases volume increasing pressure
Expiration
air that is moved in and out of the lungs during quiet breathing
Tidal Volume
amount of air that is always in your lungs
Residual reserve
Maximum amount of air in lungs plus tidal volume
inspiration capacity
maximum amount of air that a person can move in or out of the respiratory system
vital capacity
the volume of air in the lungs after a maximal inspiration
total lung capacity
external openings into the nasal cavity
external nares
Each molecules of hemoglobin has the capacity to carry _____ molecules of oxygen.
4
During expiration, an _____ occurs
increase in pulmonary pressure
Asthma
long term disease that narrows the airways making it hard for a person to breath
Lung Cancer
growth of abnormal cells that interfere with the lungs capabilities to perform its job
Pneumonia
an infection in the lungs, It lasts usually 2-3 weeks and you can get it from your daily life