Larynx
Which of the following structures or organs is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?
-nasal conchae
-internal nares
-pharynx
-larynx
Bronchus
What is the name of the respiratory tract passageway that leads directly into each lung?
-larynx
-bronchus
-bronchiole
-trachea
Pharynx
Which of the following serves as a passageway for BOTH food or liquids and air?
-bronchus
-trachea
-larynx
-pharynx
External Nares
What is the name for the nostrils?
-nasal vestibule
-nasal conchae
-external nares
-nasal septum
Hard Palate
What is the name of the bony plate that separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity?
-hard palate
-internal nares
-soft palate
-nasal conchae
Nasopharynx
Which subdivision of the pharynx is the superior portion of the pharynx?
-nasopharynx
-oropharynx
-laryngopharynx
-glottis
Thyroid Cartilage
Which of the following is the largest laryngeal cartilage?
-cricoid cartilage
-epiglottis
-thyroid cartilage
-arytenoid cartilage
Epiglottis
Which of the following forms a lid over the glottis?
-arytenoid cartilage
-thyroid cartilage
-cricoid cartilage
-epiglottis
laryngeal prominence
Which of the following structures is commonly referred to as the Adam's apple?
-corniculate cartilage
-cricothyroid ligament
-thyrohyoid ligament
-laryngeal prominence
CO2; alveoli
__________ has a greater partial pressure in the pulmonary capillaries than in the alveoli, so it diffuses into the __________.
-O2; alveoli
-O2; pulmonary cavities
-CO2; pulmonary capillaries
-CO2; alveoli
Henry's
Which gas law explains why there is as much CO2 exchanged between the alveoli and blood as there is O2 exchanged, despite the fact that the partial pressure difference is so much smaller for CO2?
-Henry's law
-Boyle's law
-Dalton's law
The partial pressure of O2 would decrease, and the partial pressure of CO2 would increase.
How would the partial pressures of O2 and CO2 change in an exercising muscle?
-The partial pressure of O2 would decrease, and the partial pressure of CO2 would increase.
-The partial pressure of O2 would increase, and the partial pressure of CO2 would dec
O2 would diffuse into the cells, and CO2 would diffuse into the systemic capillaries.
Which way would O2 and CO2 diffuse during internal respiration?
-Both O2 and CO2 would diffuse into the systemic capillaries.
-O2 would diffuse into the systemic capillaries, and CO2 would diffuse into the cells.
-O2 would diffuse into the cells, and CO2
the molecular weight of the gas
Internal and external respiration depends on several factors. Which of the following is NOT an important factor in gas exchange?
-the molecular weight of the gas
-available surface area
-partial pressure of the gases
-rate of blood flow through the tissue
the diaphragm and rib muscles contract.
During inhalation,
-the diaphragm and rib muscles contract.
-the diaphragm relaxes.
-the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases.
-oxygen molecules move into the lungs, and carbon dioxide molecules move out of the lungs.
-air moves up the trachea.
Alveoli
From which structures do oxygen molecules move from the lungs to the blood?
-Nose
-Bronchi
-Bronchioles
-Trachea
-Alveoli
In the blood, oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells.
Which statement is correct?
-Carbon dioxide diffuses from the alveoli into surrounding capillaries.
-Oxygen is released from the mitochondria as a product of cellular respiration.
-In the blood, oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood
it returns to the heart, and is then pumped to body cells.
After blood becomes oxygenated,
-it does not return to the heart, but goes directly to capillaries that supply the body's cells with oxygen.
-it does not return to the heart, but goes to the nose and mouth.
-it returns to the heart, and is then pumped to
is a protein that can bind four molecules of oxygen.
Hemoglobin
-uses ATP to move oxygen from blood to body cells.
-has five subunits.
-is a protein that can bind four molecules of oxygen.
-is the site of cellular respiration.
-is found in blood plasma.
It Flattens out
When the diaphragm contracts, _______.
-it flattens out
-it lifts the rib cage
-it flattens out and it rises in the thoracic cavity
-it rises in the thoracic cavity
Expiration
Which of the following is a passive process?
-expiration
-inspiration during exercise
-expiration during exercise
-inspiration
the pressure gradient
What is the driving force for the movement of air into the lungs?
-the pumping of the heart
-the pressure gradient
-the diffusion of gases
-resistance generated in the blood vessels
Tidal Volume
Which of the following describes the volume of air exhaled during passive breathing?
-tidal volume plus residual volume
-expiratory reserve volume
-tidal volume plus expiratory reserve volume
-tidal volume
TLC includes RV.
What is the difference between TLC and VC?
-TLC includes TV.
-TLC includes RV.
-VC includes RV.
-VC includes TV.
calculated by multiplying the rate of respiration times TV
The minute ventilation is _______.
-calculated by multiplying the rate of respiration times TV
-the amount of air left in the lungs after 1 minute
-the amount of air forcefully exhaled in 1 minute
-the amount of air forcefully inhaled in 1 minute
75 - 85% of the vital capacity
Under normal conditions, the forced expiratory volume is normally _______.
-50 - 60% of the vital capacity
-50 - 60% of the total lung capacity
-75 - 85% of the total lung capacity
-75 - 85% of the vital capacity
expiratory reserve volume decreased
When the radius of the airway was decreased, _______.
-residual volume decreased and expiratory reserve volume decreased
-vital capacity increased
-tidal volume increased
-residual volume decreased
-expiratory reserve volume decreased
the internal intercostals contract
During forced exhalation, _______.
-the internal intercostals contract
-the diaphragm, the internal intercostals and the external intercostals contract
-the external intercostals contract
-the diaphragm contracts
Respiratory muscles are relaxing and elastic tissue in the lungs recoils.
Why is normal exhalation passive?
-Respiratory muscles are relaxing and elastic tissue in the lungs recoils.
-Elastic tissue in the lungs recoils.
-The diaphragm is involuntarily controlled.
-Respiratory muscles are relaxing.
internal intercostals and abdominal muscle
With emphysema, the muscles that contract with normal exhalation include which of the following?
-internal intercostals
-internal intercostals and abdominal muscles
-external intercostals
-abdominal muscles
-external intercostals and abdominal muscles
bronchiole smooth muscle spasms
During an acute asthma attack, the obstruction is caused by _______.
-destruction of the walls of the alveoli
-a spasm of the diaphragm
-loss of elastic recoil
-bronchiole smooth muscle spasms
tidal volume, frequency of breathing and minute volume
Which of the following would increase with exercise?
-tidal volume, frequency of breathing and minute volume
-tidal volume and frequency of breathing
-frequency of breathing
-minute volume
-tidal volume
emphysema and an acute asthma attack
Which of the following is(are) obstructive conditions?
-emphysema
-exercise
-emphysema, an acute asthma attack and exercise
-an acute asthma attack
-emphysema and an acute asthma attack
Moderate Exercise
Which of the following resulted in an increase in tidal volume above the normal value?
-acute asthma attack plus inhaler
-moderate exercise
-moderate exercise, acute asthma attack plus inhaler and emphysema
-emphysema
acute asthma attack plus inhaler
A normal FEV1% was seen with _______.
-acute asthma attack plus inhaler
-emphysema
-acute asthma attack
-emphysema, acute asthma attack and acute asthma attack plus inhaler
RV
With an acute asthma attack, ________________ increased when compared to normal values.
-FVC
-RV
-ERV
-TV
the surface tension of the liquid in the alveoli would be greater and the alveoli would collapse
Without surfactant, _______.
-the surface tension of the liquid in the alveoli would be less
-the surface tension of the liquid in the alveoli would be greater
-the surface tension of the liquid in the alveoli would be less and the alveoli would collapse
intrapleural pressure
The pressure in the pleural cavity is called the _______.
-transpulmonary pressure
-intrapulmonary pressure
-intrapleural pressure
-interpleural pressure
less than the pressure in the alveoli and less than atmospheric pressure
The pressure in the pleural cavity is _______.
-greater than the pressure in the alveoli
-greater than the pressure in the alveoli and less than atmospheric pressure
-less than the pressure in the alveoli and less than atmospheric pressure
-less than the
between the bell jar and the outer wall of the lung
In this activity, the pressure in the pleural cavity would be located _______.
-in the simulated lungs
-below the diaphragm
-in the valve
-between the bell jar and the outer wall of the lung
4
Which amount of surfactant resulted in the greatest amount of airflow?
-2
-0
-4
-Amounts 2 and 4 gave the same airflow.
It went from a negative number to zero and the pressure in the intrapleural cavity equalized with the atmospheric pressure.
How did the pressure in the left intrapleural cavity change when the valve was opened?
-The pressure in the intrapleural cavity equalized with the atmospheric pressure.
-It went from a negative number to zero.
-It went from a negative number to zero and t
Cut in Half
How did the total air flow in this trial differ from that in the previous trial in which the pleural cavities were intact?
-It was cut in half.
-It doubled in value.
-It did not change
-It went to zero.