The umbilical vein in a fetus turns into what in a newborn?
ligamentum teres (round ligament)
The the umbilical arteries (oxygen poor) in a fetus turn into what in a newborn?
median umbilical ligaments
the ductus venous turns into what?
ligamentum venosum
the foramen ovale turns into what?
fossa ovalis
the ductus ateriosus turns into what?
ligamentum arteriosum
systole
when the heart contracts
diastole
when the heart relaxes
cardiac cycle
one complete heart beat (systole & diastole)
heart sounds
valves closing in the heart
pulse
surges of pressure in arteries caused by ventricular systole & diastole
pulse pressure
difference between highest and lowest pressure in the arteries
apical pulse
listening to the heart & counting the beats
radial pulse
in the wrist over the radial artery; might be slower than the apical pulse
pulse deficit
big difference between apical & radial pulse
blood pressure
pressure blood exerts on vessel walls
systolic
pressure in vessels during ventricular systole; highest pressure
diastolic
pressure in vessels during ventricular diastole; lowest pressure
tunica intima (tunica interna)
lines inside of vessels (lumen)
tunica media
smooth muscle layer; causes vasoconstriction & vasodilation; thickest in arteries
tunica externa
connective tissue layer helps hold blood vessels in place & protects them; outer layer
veins
carry blood toward the heart
arteries
carry blood away from the heart