6.7
Approximation of humans living in the planet today.
human population growth
Is occurring in developing countries whee economic hardships exist and the governments are ill-equipped to deal with increasing citizens requiring services.
IPAT model
Impact x Affluence x Technology.
IPATS model
Impact x Affluence x Technology x Sensitivity factor. The sensitivity factor can be added to the equation to denote how sensitive a given environment is to human pressures.
percentage difference
number/number - 1 (100)
demography
Is the science & study of human population.
population size
The absolute number of individuals.
age structure diagrams
Show the relative sizes of each age group in a population and are especially valuable to demographers in predicting future dynamics of a population.
total fertility rate (TFR)
Average number of children born per female member of a population during her lifetime.
replacement fertility
Is the TFR that keeps the size of a population stable; for humans it is 2.1.
natural rate of population change
Is the change due to birth and death rates alone, excluding migration.
life expectancy
The average number of years that an individual in a particular age group is likely to continue to live.
demographic transition
A theoretical model of economic and cultural change that explains the trend of declining death rates and birth rates that occurs when nations become industrialized.
pre-industrial stage
First stage.Characterized by conditions in which both death rates and birth rates are high.
transitional stage
Second stage.Death rates decline and birth rates remain high.
industrial stage
Third stage.Creates employment opportunities, particularly for women, causing the birth rate to fall.
post-industrial stage
Final stage. Both birth rates and death rates remain low and populations stabilize or decline slightly.
India
First country to implement population control measures.