Environmental Interactions

Abiotic

These are the nonliving factors of the environment

Acid Rain

Cloud or precipitation containing pollutants, such as oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, to make them have a lower pH. This can harm forests and concrete structures

Autotroph

This is an organism that obtains its energy from inorganic substances or from the sun

Bacteria

One celled organisms that reproduce by fission, prokaryotic cells, have no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, DNA is ring-shaped

Biodiversity

Number and variety of living organisms; includes genetic, species, and ecological types

Biogeochemical Cycle

A pathway by which a chemical element or molecule moves through both biotic and abiotic compartments of an ecosystem

Biome

This is a group of plants and animals in the same region that have adapted together to the region's environment

Biotic

These are all the living organisms on earth

Carbon Cycle

These are the components of the reservoirs of carbon that are exchanged in our environment.

Carbon Dioxide

This is the gas produced as a result of respiration

Carnivore

This is an organism that gets energy by eating meat, living or dead

Climate

These are the general weather conditions of an area over a long period of time

Commensalism

This is the interaction of two organisms where one is helped and the other is neither helped nor harmed

Coniferous Forest

This is a classification of plant growth within a cold, wet biome known as a taiga; the plants in this are cone-bearing gymnosperms

Conservation

This is the process of preserving or protecting a natural resource

Consumer

This is an organism that relies on other organisms for its food and energy supply; also called a heterotroph

Deciduous Forest

This is a biome that consists of trees that lose their leaves every year

Decomposer

This is an organism that breaks down and gains nutrients from dead organisms

Deforestation

This is the removal of trees and the conversion of forest lands to farmlands, logged areas, or cities

Desert

Arid region that receives less than 10 inches of precipitation annually

Detritivore

This is a heterotrophic organism that consumes dead or decayed tissue and helps to recycle nutrients in an ecosystem

Ecosystem

Populations and abiotic factors with which they interact in the setting of a community

Energy Pyramid

This display graphically shows the energy that is available at each trophic level in a a food chain

Erosion

This is the movement of soil, mud and rock due to the downward movement of wind, water or ice.

Estuary

The thin zone along a coastline where freshwater systems and rivers meet and mix with a salty ocean (such as a bay, mouth of a river, salt marsh, lagoon).

Exponential Growth

This is the type of growth experienced by a population that increases at a rate proportional to its size. The larger the population gets, the faster it grows.

Extinction

This is the ceasing of the existence of any particular species

Food Chain

This is a path for the transfer of matter and energy through an ecosystem by eating and being eaten.

Food Web

A representation of the linkages between food chains in a community

Fresh Water

This type of water has a very low salinity content when compared to brackish and the ocean

Genetic Variation

This is one result of gamete formation through meiosis and fertilization during sexual reproduction that promotes biodiversity within a species.

Global Warming

A theory of overall increase in world near-surface air and ocean temperatures which may be caused by additional heat being trapped by greenhouse gases. The increase of temperatures would cause significant changes in rainfall patterns, a rise in sea level,

Grassland

One of several types of terrestrial biomes, where grasses form the predominant vegetation, usually mixed with herbs and sometimes with shrubs, but usually without trees.

Greenhouse Effect

This is a warming of the planet due to carbon dioxide and heat retention.

Habitat Loss

A process of land use change in which plants and animals which previously used the site are displaced or destroyed. Generally this results in a reduction in biodiversity

Heterotroph

This is an organism that relies on complex organic substances for nutrition

Logistic Population Growth

This is a model of population growth that assumes that resources are limited and that a population will grow and then level off when that limit is reached.

Marine

Biome with a salt water environment

Mean Annual Precipitation

This is the average of all annual precipitation values known for a specific area. This amount is a factor in distinguishing one biome from another.

Mean Annual Temperature

This is the average temperature for the entire year at any specific location. This is one of the factors in distinguishing one biome from another.

Mold

This is a fossil made when an organism buried in sediment decomposes, leaving a hollow area showing part or all of the organism's structure.

Mutualism

This is the interaction of two organisms where both benefit

Natural Resource

This is any naturally occurring substance that is considered valuable in its relatively unmodified form on Earth.

Nitrogen Fixation

This is the the biological process by which nitrogen (N2) in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia by certain prokaryotes.

Non-native Species

These are organisims that are brought into a new environment, sometimes accidently, sometimes on purpose; and have no natural enemies or controls.

Nonpoint Source Pollution

This is pollution that comes from hard-to-trace sources with no obvious point of discharge

Nuclear Energy

The energy stored in bonds within the nucleus of an atom; energy released from a fission or fusion reaction

Omnivore

This is an organism obtains energy by eating both plants and animals

Oxygen Cycle

These are the components of the reservoirs of oxygen that are exchanged in our environment.

Parasitism

This is a type of symbiosis where one organism benefits but the other is hurt.

Particulate Matter

This is a mixture of small particles and liquid droplets, usually containing any number of components, including acids, metals, and soil or dust particles

Permafrost

This is the permanently frozen stratum below the artic tundra

Photosynthesis

This is a chemical process that uses light to process carbon dioxide in plants

Point Source Pollution

This is any single identifiable source of pollution from which pollutants are discharged

Pollution

This is the contamination of an environment beyond natural correction

Population

All the individuals of a species that live together in one place at the same time

Precipitation

Water for a given biome.

Predation

This is the condition in which one living organism serves as a food source for another

Primary Succession

This is the specific type of succession which occurs when the environment becoms void of any life or soil

Producer

This is an organism that supplies matter and energy, also known as an autotroph

Rain Forest

This is one of the seven major biomes in which rainfall amounts are high and flora and fauna vary greatly; at least one-half of the the world's species are contained in these and primary productivity is extremely high.

Recycling

This is the act of reusing items again.

Secondary Succession

This is the specific type of succession which occurs after a event which simply reduces the already established ecosystem (as oppossed to destroying it completely).

Species

These are groups of reproducing populations that are isolated from other groups.

Succession

This is the regular progression of species replacement that occurs after a disturbance, such as natural disaster, or during the establishment of a new habitat.

Sustainability

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Symbiosis

This is an interdependent relationship between two different species

Taiga

This is a northern hemisphere habitat with wet soil.

Technology

This is the use of scientific tools to help make things easier and better

Temperate

This is a term used to describe a region between polar zones and the tropics with warm summers, cold winters and sufficient precipitation to support its species.

Thermal Pollution

This is a type of pollution associated with increases of water temperatures in a stream, lake, or ocean due to the discharge of heated water from industrial processes, such as the generation of electricity.

Threatened Species

An organism facing extinction through destruction of habitat; the process may threaten the survival, abundance or evolutionary development of the species.

Tundra

An ecosystem dominated by lichens, mosses, grasses, and woody plants. It is generally found at high latitudes. It is described as having a marshy surface where mosses, lichens, berries and low shrubs grow with mucky soil and permafrost underneath.

Water Cycle

This is the circulation of water between land, air and surface