Ace Inhibitors
PRIL" Captopril, Enalapril, Afosiopril
Antihypertensive. Blocks ACE in lungs from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II (powerful vasoconstrictor). Decreases BP, Decreased Aldosterone secretions, Sodium and fluid loss.
Check BP before giving (hypote
Beta Blockers
***
DO NOT give with ASTHMA, BRONCHIAL CONSTRICTIVE DISEASE!!!
***
"LOL" Antenolol, metoprolol. labetolol
Antihypertensive. Blocks beta-adrenergic receptors in heart, decreases excitability of the heart, reduces caridac workload and O2 consumption. Lowers
Calcium Channel Blocker
CA" Calan, Procardia, Cardizem
Slow the HR and decrease BP (check HR and BP before). Inhibits mvmt of Calcium ions across membrane or cardiac and arterial muscle cells. Results in slowed impulse conduction, depression of myocardial constractility, dilati
Diuretics
K+ and NA+ follows the walter --> electrolytes imbalances
Potassium Chloride
Check labs before giving, Never give IV PUSH
Give with FOOD (GI distresss))
Extreme caution if pt. receiving potassium-sparing diuretic.
NOT for pts with RENAL DISEASE.
Morphine
IV for chest pain
Check Respirations
Narcan
Counteracts Morphine - opioid narcotics.
Atopine (Caridiac Use)
Tx Heart Blocks (increase HR)
4D's:
Dry Mouth, Dry Stool, Dilated Pupils, Dilated Bladder (urinary retention)
Digitalis
Strengthens cardiac muscle contraction
Antiarrhythmic
CANT MIX WITH ANYTHING
TOXICITY:
Pulse (slows - Check Apical Pulse before giving)
Photosensitivity
Puke (vomiting, nausea)
Yellow-Green Halos
Light Flashes
Lidocaine
Decrease cardiac irritability
Titate IV
Use with V. TACH
Nitro
Vasodilator
Angina (1 tab 3x, 5 min apart)
Keep med dry, cool, only effective for 6 mo. (Tingling under tongue = good)
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
Aminophylline
Bronchodilator - Decreases SOB
Therapeutic levels 10-20 mcg/dl
TOXIC > 20
CANT MIX WITH ANYTHING
Amphotericin B
Antifungal
IVPB SLOW - 2+ hrs
Hydrate pt - very toxic to kidneys, monitor BUN.
Check Hearing
Check K+ levels.
Aminoglycosides
Gentamycin, Kanamycin sulfate, Neomycin sulate, Steptomycin Sulfate
OTOTOXICITY
KIDNEY DAMAGE
Bronchodilators
Epinephrine (adrenalin)
Careful with Cardiac Pts
Anticoagulants
Heparin (Antecdote - Protamine Sulfate)
Coumadin (Antecdote - Vit K.)
Bleeding precautions
PPT - Heparin
PT/INR - Coumadin
Anticholinergics
Atropine
GI - Slows motility, spasm
Eyes - Dilates pupils
DO NOT GIVE TO GLAUCOME PTS
Heart - Increase HR
Resp - bronchodilator (Atrovent)
Cancer Drugs
Wear gloves, mask when preparing or giving. Can be absorbed throught skin
Sulfa Drugs
Drink lots of fluids
Can cause blood dyscrasias - REPORT SORE THROAT, RASH IMMEDIATELY.
UTI (Bactrim, sulfisoxazole)
Ulcerative colitis (Sulfasalazine)
Urinary Antispasmodics
Pyridium (cystitis) - Orange/Red urine
Penicillines
Take all 10 days
Cortisone (Steroids)
Wt gain, Na+ retention, K+ Loss
NEVER STOP SUDDENLY
Dilantin
Anti-convolsant
Therapeutic level 10-20 (same as amminophylline)
Toxicity > 20
Causes hyperplasia of gums - bleeding gums
Give extra VIT. D
Tylenol
Bad for Liver - DO NOT GIVE TO ALCOHOLICS
Premarin
1. Hormone Replacement - Estrogen
Tx Menopause Sxs
SD - Vascular Headaches
Periods continue
2. Prempro (comination estrogen and progesteron)
No periods
Allupurinol (Zyloprim)
G - Gulp 3L fluid per day
O - (NO) Organ Meats
U - Output up to 2 L/day
T - Teach
Miotics
CONSTRICT (Pilo-Carpine)
For glaucoma - increased outflow of aqueaous humor
Mydriatics
DILATES (Atropine)
Dont use in pts with gaucoma (build up IOP)
Antacids
Aluminum - Constipation
Magnesium - Diarrhea
Lithium
Bipolar Disorder
Decrease Na+ (risk of toxicity)
Increase Na+ levels (causes sodium diuresis)
Toxic Level > 2 mEq/L
Librium and Valume
To prevent DT's in acute alcohol withdrwal
Can produce physical dependency.
Direct - Acting Vasodilator
Hydralazine (apresoline)
Relaxes smooth muscle of blood vessels, lowing peripheral esistance.
Teach pt to check pulse d/t change in C.O.
If HR <60 Contact physician.